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NURS617 EXAM 3 - TREATMENT FOR DIABETES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
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NURS617 EXAM 3 - TREATMENT FOR DIABETES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
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NURS617 EXAM 3 - TREATMENT FORDIABETES
Anti-hypoglycemic Drug (LIST 3) - ANSWERS-glucagon injectable (GlucaGen)
glucagon auto-injector (Gvoke Hypopen)
glucagon nasal powder (Baqsimi)
Pharmacodynamics of glucagon - ANSWERS-___ is a hormone produced by the
pancreas that suppresses insulin release and causes the release of glucose stores
from the liver. [Patients with diabetes (especially type 1) can develop blunting of
their natural ___ response to hypoglycemia and go into hypoglycemic coma.]
Advantages of glucagon - ANSWERS-* Raises blood glucose levels with 10 minutes
* Can be safely administered to an unconscious patient
Disadvantages of glucagon - ANSWERS-* Requires a knowledgeable individual to
administer on the patient's behalf
* Can cause nausea and vomiting
* To be effective, requires glycogen to be present in the liver
list name of intermediate acting insulin - ANSWERS-insulin isophane (NPH)
,list two names of short acting insulin - ANSWERS-regular insulin
insulin regular U-500
list two names of rapid acting insulin - ANSWERS-insulin aspart
insulin lispro
list name of long acting insulin - ANSWERS-insulin glargine
Once it is released from its site of synthesis in the Beta cells of the pancreas,
___(hormone) is widely distributed to its target cells located in many tissues in
the body. Three of these tissue types (liver, muscle, and fat) seem to have
response elements capable of interacting with ___(hormone) through receptor
actions. ___(hormone) interacts with receptors on the surface of these cells. This
interaction triggers secondary intracellular messengers that produce a variety of
cellular reactions specific to each type of target cell. - ANSWERS-Physiologic
Actions of Natural Insulin Hormone, part 1
....secondary intracellular messengers that produce a variety of cellular reactions
specific to each type of target cell.
___(hormone) accomplishes these actions in several ways. It can activate several
separate enzymes that, in turn, activate metabolic processes dealing with
carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. Concerning glucose metabolism,
___(hormone) promotes the release of glucose transporter molecules (GLUTs),
which then migrate to the surface of the cell membranes. These glucose
, transporter units provide the means for glucose to enter cells. - ANSWERS-
Physiologic Actions of Natural Insulin Hormone, part 2
Effects of insulin on the liver: - ANSWERS-Activates the storage of glucose in the
form of glycogen (i.e., glycogen synthesis) * Inhibits glycogenolysis (the release of
stored glucose into the bloodstream) * Increases the synthesis of triglycerides and
very low-density lipoproteins * Decreases the catabolism of protein
effects of insulin on fat - ANSWERS-*Reduction in circulating free fatty acids
* Increases the synthesis of triglycerides within the fat cell
* Promotes the entry of glucose into fat cells
* Decreases lipolysis (breakdown of fat which releases FFA) and decreases release
of fatty acids from fat cells
* Reduces the amount of triglycerides in the form of lipoprotein
effects of insulin on muscle - ANSWERS-* Increases the entry of glucose into
muscle cells
* Increases protein synthesis within muscle cells
* Increases amino acid transport into muscle cells for protein synthesis
* Increases the storage of glycogen within muscle
This disease is characterized by elevated blood glucose because the pancreas
cannot produce insulin (type ___?) or because the target tissues do not react
appropriately (type ___?). Patients with
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