Humanistic outcomes related to quality pillars - ANSWER Efficacy; effectiveness;
efficiency; acceptability
Society outcomes related to quality pillars - ANSWER Optimality; equity; legitimacy
Efficacy - ANSWER Deals with a controlled environment and examines what is possible.
Efficacy - ANSWER Sets an upper boundary for quality and establishes the ideal to
which all should strive.
Efficacy ANSWER - The less control of an environment there is, the less likely it is that
practitioners are able to meet standards.
Effectiveness ANSWER - To what degree the service realizes its intended outcomes in a
real world environment.
Factors that influence the choice of quality indicators as it relates to effectiveness
ANSWER - Social, economic, and individual factors
Efficacy ANSWER - First pillar of quality
Effectiveness - ANSWER Seconde pillar of quality
,Efficiency - ANSWER Third pillar of quality
Acceptability - ANSWER Fourth pillar of quality
Optimality - ANSWER Fifth pillar of quality
Equity - ANSWER Sixth pillar of quality
Legitimacy - ANSWER Seventh pillar of quality
Efficiency - ANSWER Extent to which scarce resources are used to derive the greatest
benefits with the least waste
Efficiency - ANSWER Measured by examining the ratio between the costs and benefits of
a service and comparing these with others who are providing the same or similar
services
Efficiency - ANSWER Typically used by socioeconomic forces seeking to select a
service which will result in reduced costs
Acceptability ANSWER Concerns usefulness of the service to the patient and perceived
impact on his/her quality of life. Patient preferences regarding access to the service,
relationship with health service providers, amenities where service is delivered, and
cost utility relationship are considered.
Optimality - ANSWER Ensures that the optimum allocation of resources is achieved
relative to the benefits derived from the services provided. Techniques such as cost
benefit analysis and marginal coating are used to identify the optimum point of resource
allocation: benefits.
, Equity - ANSWER Society is concerned that every person should receive equal
treatment, or at best, fair treatment.
Equity - ANSWER Compromised when the quality of service or even the range of
services is dictated by the patients ability to pay for the service.
Legitimacy - ANSWER The preferences and values are expressed through societal
rather than individual perspective. Society requires evidence to make judgments.
Four greatest motivators for employees - ANSWER Autonomy; Salary; Recognition;
Respect
Charismatic leader - ANSWER Depend on personal charm to influence people and are
very persuasive. Have limited effectiveness because they make followers of employees,
and relate to one group rather than the organization as a whole
Bureaucratic Leader - ANSWER Follows the organizations rules exactly and expects
everyone else to do so. Most effective in handling in cash flow or managing work in
dangerous work environments. Engender respect, but are not conducive to change or
creativity
Autocratic Leader - ANSWER The autocratic leader makes decisions alone and enforces
rules strictly. Team members may often feel left out of the decision making process and
may not be supportive. Most effective in crisis situations but may have difficulty gaining
staff commitment for routing work.
Consultative Leader - ANSWER Presents a decision to staff and invites their comment
and questions, although the decision itself is unlikely to change. Most effective when the
acceptance of staff is essential for the success of proposed changes
Participative leadership style - ANS Leader makes a tentative decision and then finalizes
it after consideration of input from individual employees or teams. Time-consuming; may
lead to compromises. Encourages employees who feel their expertise are considered
important
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