RICA Exam Study Guide.
Digraph - answerA pair of characters used to write one phoneme (distinct sound) ch, ph, ng, qu, sh, th
Phoneme - answerThe smallest contrastive unit in the sound of language
Precommuniative Stage - answerThe child uses letters from the alphabet but shows no knowledge of
l...
Digraph - answer✔A pair of characters used to write one phoneme (distinct sound) ch, ph, ng, qu, sh, th
Phoneme - answer✔The smallest contrastive unit in the sound of language
Precommuniative Stage - answer✔The child uses letters from the alphabet but shows no knowledge of
letter-sound correspondence
Semiphonetic - answer✔Writing that demonstrates some awareness that letters represent speech
sounds, beginning and/or ending consonant sounds of syllables are represented but medial vowells are
omitted
Phonetics - answer✔A branch of linguistics that comprise the study of sounds
Phonology - answer✔Concerned with the given sounds contribution to the language of the system
Transitional - answer✔Beginning to use visual memory, mayk, maik, make
Etymology - answer✔Is the study of the history of words and how their form and meaning have changed
over time
Phonemic Awareness Assessment - answer✔Have students identify the sound of the middle, beginning,
or end of the word
Difficulty with d and b - answer✔Help student focus on directionality of each letter as student traces it
Alphabetic Principle - answer✔Words are composed of letters that represent sounds, using relationship
between letters and phenomes of an unknown string of letters or to spell
Homophones - answer✔Words that sound the same but have different meaning
Automaticity - answer✔The ability to do things without occupying the mind
Intonations - answer✔Variation of pitch while speaking which is not used to distinguish words
Alternative Assessments (IEP) - answer✔More time, smaller units, change mode of delivery, practice
assessment, simpler version
Standard Assessment Quality Indicators - answer✔Reliability, validity
Reliability of Assessment - answer✔Reliable results, consistent scores
Validity of Assessment - answer✔Valid if it measures what it claims to measure
Percentile Scores - answer✔Norm-referenced, average score 50%
Grade Equivalent Scores - answer✔Norm-referenced, raw score is converted to grade level. 42 out of 60
would be 78%
Stanine Scores - answer✔Norm-referenced, raw score converted to nine-point scale. (5 average, 9 top, 1
bottom)
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