Clemson BIOL 2220 Exam 2 (Tissues, Membranes, Integumentary, Bone, Skeleton, Joints) Questions With Complete Solutions
simple epithelial tissue - Answer-- one cell layer thick
- function mostly in absorption and filtration
- found in areas that don't have a lot of friction
/.stratified epi...
Clemson BIOL 2220 Exam 2 (Tissues,
Membranes, Integumentary, Bone,
Skeleton, Joints) Questions With
Complete Solutions
simple epithelial tissue - Answer-- one cell layer thick
- function mostly in absorption and filtration
- found in areas that don't have a lot of friction
/.stratified epithelial tissue - Answer-- more than one cell layer thick
- major function is in protection
- found in areas with lots of abrasion
/.pseudostratified epithelial tissue - Answer-- looks like more than one cell layer thick
because of the nuclei but is only one cell layer thick
- greek pseudo means fake or false
- each cell has contact with the basal layer of the basement membrane
- sometimes apical surfaces are not equal
- found in areas with little movement
-ex. respiratory tract
/.squamous - Answer-flat
/.cuboidal - Answer-- same length and width
- involved in secretion
/.columnar - Answer-- greater length then width
- found in high numbers in the digestive and respiratory tract
/.transitional - Answer-- characterized by a dome shape at the apical surface
- transitional epithelium line hollow storage organs like the bladder
- as the storage containers fill up, the dome shape flattens, changing the capacity of
storage vessel
- this allows for filling of the storage container (bladder) without the stretching of the
container.
- eventually the container fills enough and is stretched
/.general functions of epithelial tissue - Answer-- established boundaries
- protection
- absorption
- filtration
- excretion
,- secretion
- sensory reception
EAT PROTEIN AND FAKE EXCERCISE SLUTY SISTER
/.establishes boundaries
- general function of epithelial tissue - Answer-epithelial tissue acts as the limiting
boundary of the human organism
/.protection
- general function of epithelial tissue - Answer-the epithelial tissue in the digestive tract
prevents us from digesting our own organs, and protect against the abrasive action of
food
/.absorption
- general function of epithelial tissue - Answer-nutrients are absorbed through epithelial
tissue during digestion
/.filtration
- general function of epithelial tissue - Answer-found mostly in the kidney
/.excretion
- general function of epithelial tissue - Answer-we excrete metabolic wastes out of the
digestive system through epithelial tissue
/.secretion
- general function of epithelial tissue - Answer-glandular epithelial tissue secretes things
/.sensory reception
- general function of epithelial tissue - Answer-- some cells in the epithelial tissue are
modified for sensory reception
- tactile/ touch sensory receptors in the skin allow for us to feel the ants crawling on our
body
/.apical surface - Answer-exposed to the air/ free surface
/.basal surface - Answer-- attached surface that is connected to something
- normally attaches epithelial tissue to connective tissue
/.the word surface is used to refer to... - Answer-simple/ single cells
/.the word layers is used in reference to.... - Answer-stratified cells
/.basement membrane - Answer-- at the basal surface of epithelial tissue
,- composed of the basal lamina and reticular lamina
/.basal lamina - Answer-- part of basement membrane
- noncellular sheet of glycoprotein
- basal layer secretes glycoprotein to help anchor the basal layer to the connective
tissue
/.reticular lamina - Answer-- part of basement membrane
- collection of collagen fibers
- adds strength and integrity to the basement membrane
/.what two things work together to connect epithelial tissue to connective tissue -
Answer-glycoproteins and collagen
/.basement membrane keeps _______ anchored - Answer-- epithelial tissue
- if not, out skin would literally fall/ slough off
/.epithelial cells are avascular meaning/ because... - Answer-- avascular means no
blood vessels
- every living cell needs to be able to exchange nutrients/ wastes with the circulatory
system
- the basement membrane keeps epithelial and connective tissues intact to allow for
that exchange to occur
/.covering and lining epithelial tissue - Answer-- all free body surfaces (surfaces
exposed to the atmosphere) have epithelial tissue lining them
- mouth to anus is basically a tube
- things in the digestive tract are technically outside of our body; therefore the lining of
the digestive tract is covering and lining epithelial tissue
- the linings of the digestive, respiratory, and parts of the reproductive tract have
epithelial tissue
/.glandular epithelial tissue - Answer-- glandular epithelial tissue is the secretory part of
the gland
- part that secretes things
- adrenal gland secrete epinephrine
/.gland - Answer-- a cell or groups of cells of specialized epithelium that secretes
substances into ducts, onto surfaces of cells, or into the bloodstream
- requires energy to produce and secrete its secretory products
/.ducts are... - Answer-tubules that directs to a specific place
/.can glands be unicellular or multicellular - Answer-yeah
/.true or false
, secretions are mostly, but not always water based - Answer-true
/.do cellular secretions use endo- or exocytosis - Answer-- exocytosis
- an active transport process
/.exocrine glands - Answer-- secrete into ducts
- most are associated with digestion
- exocrine secretions from the pancreas include enzymes to break down large nutrients
- these secretions travel through a duct that lead to the small intestine where they are
used to break down the nutrients
/.endocrine gland - Answer-- ductless glands
- secrete hormones
- these hormones get into the bloodstream and are circulated throughout the body
/.do some organs have both exocrine and endocrine glands
- give an example - Answer-pancreas
- part of the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into ducts (exocrine)
- part of the pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream (endocrine)
/.unicellular glands - Answer-- also called GOBLET CELLS (unicellular exocrine gland)
- produce and secrete mucus into ducts or onto the surfaces of cells
- goblet cells are a type of mucous gland because mucus contains mucin
- mucus act in the trapping of foreign substance as well as in lubrication
/.structures that produce mucus are called - Answer-mucous glands
/.mucous glands secrete a protein called - Answer-mucin
/.multicellular glands - Answer-- cells within a multicellular gland
- there can be multiple tasks within a multicellular gland
- these tasks are based on the structure of the cells making up the gland (structure
dictates function)
- can be simple, branched, or multibranched
/.simple, branched, multibranched multicellular glands - Answer-LOOK AT SLIDE 16
ON TISSUE POWERPOINT
/.merocrine glands - Answer-- multicellular glands
- produce substances and store the substances within the cell
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