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WGU D311 Micro Section 1 Questions and 100% Correct Answers
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WGU D311 Micro Section 1 Questions and 100% Correct Answers
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WGU D311 Micro Section 1 Questions and 100%Correct Answers
What groups are protist - ✔✔Algae, Protozoa, slime mold and water molds
Characteristics of protozoans - ✔✔eukaryotic organisms that are not fungi, plants, or
animals. Single celled, free living, lack cell wall, divide by binary fusion or budding
two groups of parasitic helminths - ✔✔flatworms and roundworms
Characteristics of Nematoda (Round worms) - ✔✔Full digestive system, contain more than
15000 species. Pinworm is most common in US
Characteristics of platyhelminthes (flukes/tapeworms) - ✔✔Flukes: nonsegmented
flatworms that have oral sucker, attach to inner walls of intestines, lungs, large blood vessels or
the liver
Tapeworms:
segmented flatworms that may have suckers at the head region, attach to wall of small
intestine
homolactic fermentation - ✔✔produces lactic acid only
heterolactic fermentation - ✔✔Mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and co2
acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation - ✔✔industrial solvents. Kills clostridium
acetobutylicum
alcholic fermentation - ✔✔Microbes: Candida, Saccharomyces
,commercial: beer and bread
butanediol fermentation - ✔✔Microbes: Klebsiella, Enterobacter,
Commerical: Chardonnay wine
butyric acid - ✔✔Microbes: clostridium butyricum
Commerical: butter
lactic acid fermentation - ✔✔Microbes: strep, lactobacillis,
commerical: yogurt, cheese and sauerkraut
mixed acid fermentation - ✔✔Microbes: esherichia, shigella
commerical: vinegar, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals
Proprionic acid - ✔✔Microbes: propionibacterium, Bifidobacterium
commercial: Swiss cheese
Purpose of bioremediation - ✔✔Stimulate microorganisms with nutrients and other
chemicals that will enable them to destroy contaminants.
Xenobiotics - ✔✔Things that humans pollute the air with and are more than what naturally
happen. Bacteria that helps with this is Rhodococcus and Pseudomonas degrade contaminants
found in oil and co2
gene therapy - ✔✔the transplantation of normal genes into cells in place of missing or
defective ones in order to correct genetic disorders.
, What does gene therapy use - ✔✔viruses bc it has the ability to deliver genetic material into
the cells
risks of gene therapy - ✔✔Inflammation: lead to organ failure
Toxicity: virus can change to be infect
Cancer: disrupt normal cell cycling and cause tumor formation
synthetic antimicrobials - ✔✔manufactured by chemical processes not found in nature
ex: sulfanilamide, which led to production of Quinolones and Oxazidinones
natural antibiotics - ✔✔Produced by microbes in nature
ex: PCN in mold to treat streptococcus, meningococcal
semisynthetic antimicrobials - ✔✔chemical modification of naturally occurring antibiotics.
This allows for more bacteria to be targeted, increase stability and decrease toxicity
Pathogenicity - ✔✔ability to cause disease
Virulence - ✔✔severity of disease
median infectious dose (ID50) - ✔✔the number of pathogenic cells/viruses needed to cause
infection in 50% of inoculated animals
median lethal dose (LD50) - ✔✔The number of pathogenic cells/viruses/toxins needed to kill
50% of infection animals
Primary pathogen - ✔✔causes disease in healthy host
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