Praxis Principles of Learning and Teaching: Grades 7-12 PLT Exam Questions With Correct Answers
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Course
PLT Praxis
Institution
PLT Praxis
Praxis Principles of Learning and Teaching:
Grades 7-12 PLT Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Bandura - answerTheorist - "Social Learning Theory" Children learn by observing others.
Model behaviors and skills. Cognitive and Behavioral.
1. attention
2. retention
3. motor reproduction
4. mo...
Praxis Principles of Learning and Teaching:
Grades 7-12 PLT Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Bandura - answer✔Theorist - "Social Learning Theory" Children learn by observing others.
Model behaviors and skills. Cognitive and Behavioral.
1. attention
2. retention
3. motor reproduction
4. motivation
Bruner - answer✔Theorist - Cognition - "Constructivist Theory." Discovery learning and
scaffolding. Learning is an active process, learners construct ideas based on knowledge or past
experiences. Instruction should allow students to discover information by themselves (dialog).
(1) predisposition towards learning, (2) the ways in which a body of knowledge can be
structured so that it can be most readily grasped by the learner, (3) the most effective
sequences in which to present material, and (4) the nature and pacing of rewards and
punishments
Dewey - answer✔Learning Through Experience and father of progressive education. Project-
based learning, cooperative learning. Learning is a process of living. Teach children to be
problem solvers. "Just Dew it"
Piaget - answer✔Theorist (Biology and Philosophy) - "Genetic Epistemology." - wanted to know
how knowledge developed in human organisms 4 Stages of Cognitive Development.
sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, and formal operations.
sensorimotor (Piaget) - answer✔(0-2 years), intelligence takes the form of motor actions.
preoperations (Piaget) - answer✔(3-7 years) Intelligence is intuitive in nature.
Assimilation - answer✔involves the interpretation of events in terms of existing cognitive
structure
accommodation - answer✔refers to changing the cognitive structure to make sense of the
environment
Vygotsky - answer✔Theorist - The major theme of Vygotsky's theoretical framework is that
social interaction plays a fundamental role in the development of cognition. cognitive
development depends on Zone of Proximal Development (what the student can do with help).
"social development theory of learning." Cognitive.
Kohlberg - answer✔Theory of moral development (pre-conventional, conventional, and post-
conventional). theorist
Bloom - answer✔His taxonomy of learning domains - impact the way educators writer learning
objectives, plan learning activities, and assess student performance.
Thorndike - answer✔Connectionism. Learning theorist. (cat in box experiment)
Law of Effect: any behavior that is followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated,
and any behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is likely to be stopped.
Learning is the result of associations forming between stimuli and responses. Such associations
or "habits" become strengthened or weakened by the nature and frequency of the S-R pairings.
Watson - answer✔Founder of behaviorism (also called learning theory).
controversal - he conditioned fear of white rats and other furry objects in "Little Albert," an
orphaned 11-month-old boy.
Skinner - answer✔pioneer of Operant conditioning - believed everything we do is determined
by our past history of reinforcements and punishments.
Erikson - answer✔Ego Psychologist. discusses psychosocial stages. Influenced by Freud. Created
8 Psychosocial Stages.
Stage 1 - answer✔Crisis: Trust vs. mistrust
Virtue: Hope
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