Protein particles that lead to protein misfolding belong to what class of
transmissible agents? - ANSWER
What conjugation process often precedes the proteasomal degradation
of proteins? - ANSWER
What are the steps in the enzymatic cascade of ubiquitination? -
ANSWER
By which cellular organelle is chaperone-mediated autophagy executed?
- ANSWER
Which type of proteasome recognizes and degrades ubiquitinated
proteins? - ANSWER
How does disuse atrophy cause protein degradation? - ANSWER
What mechanism most often leads to cellular atrophy? - ANSWER
How is cellular hypertrophy defined? - ANSWER INCREASE in cellular
size or function
How does the process of hypertrophy affect cell survival? - ANSWER
How can protein production increase in the absence of increased
transcription? - ANSWER
Moving from sea level to high altitude results in increased red blood cell
mass. What mechanism of hyperplasia does this illustrate? - ANSWER
metaplasia - ANSWER is conversion of one differentiated cell type to
another
, dysplasia - ANSWER disordered growth and maturation of the cellular
components of a tissue
autophagy - ANSWER is a multifaceted cellular autodigestive system
that is important in both cellular adaptation and pathogenesis of disease
calcification - ANSWER may occur as part of normal development or as
a reflection of an abnormal process
Chronic gastroesophageal reflux leads to what type of metaplastic
change in the esophagus? - ANSWER
What is the term for mineral deposition in an area of necrosis? -
ANSWER
If histological examination shows disordered cellular maturation and
growth, what diagnosis applies? - ANSWER
How do we describe an increase in cellular volume due to increased
water content? - ANSWER
How is molecular oxygen reduced to water in the cell? - ANSWER
What enzyme constitutes the sodium potassium pump and where is it
located? - ANSWER
How does the cell detoxify peroxide? - ANSWER
What are the intermediate species in the reduction of molecular oxygen
to water? - ANSWER
What is the term for diseases of proteins that guide other proteins to fold
correctly? - ANSWER
How does nitric oxide affect cellular damage by reactive oxygen
species? - ANSWER
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