Exam (elaborations)
BMS 301 LOWER LIMB EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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BMS 301 LOWER LIMB EXAM STUDY GUIDE....
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BMS 301 LOWER LIMB EXAMSTUDY GUIDE
Directional Terms
-anterior/posterior - ANSWER -same as dorsal/dorsal-ventral
-anterior=front
-posterior=back
Directional Terms
-medial/lateral - ANSWER -medial= towards midline
-lateral= away from midline
Directional Terms
-superior/inferior - ANSWER -superior=above
-inferior=below
Directional Terms
-proximal/distal - ANSWER proximal=close to trunk
distal=away from trunk
Directional Terms
-superficial/deep - ANSWER -superficial ex. skin
-deep ex. muscle
Planes of section
-X-section (transverse) - ANSWER -divides into superior/inferior
Planes of section
-Sagittal sections - ANSWER -divides into left and right
Planes of section
-Frontal sections - ANSWER -divides into anterior and posterior
Portions of Lower Limb: Region, Boundaries, Bones
-Gluteal Region - ANSWER -Boundaries= Iliac Crest to gluteal folds
-Bones= hip bones
,Portions of Lower Limb: Region, Boundaries, Bones
-Thigh - ANSWER -Boundaries= Gluteal folds to knee
-Bones= Femur
Portions of Lower Limb: Region, Boundaries, Bones
-Leg - ANSWER -Boundaries=knee to ankle
-Bones=tibia and fibula
Portions of Lower Limb: Region, Boundaries, Bones
-Foot - ANSWER -Boundaries=ankle to distal
-Bones= tarsals/metatarsals/phalanges
Fxns of Lower Limb (humans) - ANSWER -locomotion
-weight bearing
-balance posture
Pelvic Girdle - ANSWER -girdle=group of bones that connect a limb to trunk
-Includes hip bones (L + R) and sacrum
Hip bone - ANSWER -Left and Right identical pairs
-Ilium
-Ischium
-Pubis
-Subpubic angle in the female >90 degrees
Ilium - ANSWER superior part of hip bone
Ischium - ANSWER infer/posterior part of hip bone
Pubis - ANSWER inferior/anterior part of hip bone
Articulations - ANSWER -Classify by tissue that holds them together
1-Fibruous
2-Cartilagenous jt
3-Synovial jts
Articulations
, -Fibrous joint - ANSWER -non-moveable (teeth to jaw)
Articulations
-Cartilagenous joint - ANSWER -slightly moveable (vertebral bodies)
Articulations
-Synovial joints - ANSWER Freely moveable
-uniaxial jt
-biaxial jt (finger)
-multiaxial jt (Hip)
-non-axial/plane gliding
Characteristics of Synovial Joints - ANSWER 1)Articular membrane
2)Synovial Membrane
3)Joint Capsule
4)Joint Cavity
AB-duction - ANSWER movement away from midline
AD-duciton - ANSWER movement towards midline
Lumbrosacral articulation - ANSWER -stabilize L5 on S1
Sacroiliac joint - ANSWER -non-axial/plane gliding type
-prevents inferior dislocation of sacrum
Sacrotuberous ligament - ANSWER -prevents rotation and transfers body
weight to hip bone
Hip Joint - ANSWER -Synovial
-acetabulum joint connects pelvis to femur
-Multiaxial
-flex/extension
-AB/AD duction
-Rotation
-1/2 of the head of the femur resides within acetabulum which increases
stability
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