Exam (elaborations)
ANATOMY BMS 301 EXAM 1 STUDY SET
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ANATOMY BMS 301 EXAM 1 STUDY SET...
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ANATOMY BMS 301 EXAM 1STUDY SET
Transverse Plane - ANSWER "X Section"
-Divides the body into Superior/Inferior portions
Sagittal Plane - ANSWER Divides the body into Left/Right portions
Frontal Plane - ANSWER Divides the body into Anterior/Posterior
portions
Gluteal Region
(Boundaries + Bones) - ANSWER -Boundaries: Iliac Crest→Gluteal
Folds
-Bones: Hip Bone
Thigh Region
(Boundaries + Bones) - ANSWER -Boundaries: Gluteal Folds → Knee
-Bones: Femur
Leg Region
(Boundaries + Bones) - ANSWER -Boundaries: Knee→Ankle
-Bones: Tibia + Fibula
Foot Region
(Boundaries + Bones) - ANSWER -Boundaries: Ankle→Distal
-Bones: Tarsals/Metatarsals/Phalanges
Functions of L.L. - ANSWER -Locomotion
-Balance/ Posture
-Weight Bearing
*Anatomy of L.L. reflects its functions
Hip Bone
(Main bones of the Hip Bone/ 3 of them) - ANSWER -Superiorly: Ilium
,-Posteriorly + Inferiorly: Ischium
-Anteriorly + Inferiorly: Pubis (Pubic Bone)
Pelvic Girdle
(Definition/Connections) - ANSWER -A set of bones that connect axial
and appendicular
-Hip Bones connect anteriorly and connect to sacrum posteriorly
-Sacrum
-Reflects functions of L.L.
*Complete ring, adds stability to L.L.
Articulations
(3 types) - ANSWER 1.) Fibrous
2.) Cartilaginous
3.) Synovial
Fibrous Articulations
(Definition/example) - ANSWER -Typically immoveable
ex.) Sutures/Teeth
Cartilaginous Articulations
(Definition/example) - ANSWER -Typically slightly moveable
ex.) Intervertebral discs
Synovial Articulations
(Definition/example) - ANSWER -Typically freely moveable
ex.) Elbow/Knee/Hip/Fingers
Components of Synovial Articulations - ANSWER 1.) Articular Cartilage
(hyaline)
→Avascular
2.) Synovial Membrane
→epithelial cells (produce/secrete synovial fluid)
3.) Joint Capsule (ligament blend)
→ligaments that surround joint
4.) Joint Cavity
→potential space
, Types of Synovial Joints - ANSWER 1.) Uniaxial
→1 axis of movement
→Hinge/Pivot (ex. Elbow/Radius+Ulna)
2.) Biaxial
→2 axes of movement
→Flexion/ Extension (ex. Finger)
→Adduction/Abduction
3.) Multiaxial
→3 or more axes of movement
→Flexion/Extension
→Adduction/Abduction (ex. Hip Joint)
→Rotation
4.) Non-Axial
→A lot of axes of movement (no defined axis of movement)
→Gliding
Lumbosacral Joint - ANSWER -L5→S1
-Cartilaginous Articulation
-Held together by ligaments
→iliolumbar ligaments
Sacroliliac Joint - ANSWER -prevents inferior dislocation of the sacrum
on the two ilia as weight presses down
-runs superior to inferior and lateral to medial
Hip Joint - ANSWER -Synovial Articulation
-Ball + Socket Joint
→Flexion/Extension
→Abduction/Adduction
→Rotation
-Incredibly stable
→over half the head of the femur is in the acetabulum
Ligaments in Hip Joint
(Posterior/Anterior) - ANSWER -Form the joint capsule
-Posterior: Ishciofemoral ligament
-Anterior: Iliofemoral ligament "Y-Lig."
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