Lead Poisoning, Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leuk
Lead Poisoning, Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leuk
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Lead Poisoning, Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute Myeloid Leukemia Exam Questions with Verified Solutions (Rated A+)
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Lead Poisoning, Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leuk
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Lead Poisoning, Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leuk
Lead Poisoning, Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute Myeloid Leukemia Exam Questions with Verified Solutions (Rated A+)
Lead Poisoning impacts - Answers Affects children <6 years of age more profoundly than older children and adults
why does lead poisoning impact children <age 6 - ...
Lead Poisoning, Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute Myeloid Leukemia Exam Questions
with Verified Solutions (Rated A+)
Lead Poisoning impacts - Answers Affects children <6 years of age more profoundly than older children
and adults
why does lead poisoning impact children <age 6 - Answers This is in part because of the incomplete
blood brain barrier that allows lead to enter the nervous system
Young children are also at a higher risk due to crawling on floors, and putting more objects in their
mouths
Typically lead is found in - Answers Leaded paints
Lead soldered cans
Lead glazed pottery
Lead soldered plumbing
lead poisoning is most commonly through - Answers Most commonly through ingestion or inhalation
The most common source of lead exposure - Answers is paint found in homes built before 1979
RF of lead poisoning - Answers 1. Higher incidence in low income households
2. Live in older or poorly maintained home
3. Parents exposed to lead at jobs
pathophysiology of lead poisoning - Answers Children are more susceptible to toxicity due to their
rapidly growing bodies and organ systems that are not fully developed
After lead enters the body, some of it is cleared in the urine and bile, but some remaining amount binds
to RBC and is distributed to and builds up in the soft tissues and bones, where it can remain for decades
what systems of the body are susceptible to lead toxicity - Answers Hematologic and nervous system
impacts of lead on the brain - Answers Crosses BBB and can cause permanent brain damage and
cognitive defects
impacts of lead on the heme system - Answers Oxidative stress, early rBC death, hemolytic anemia
clinical presentation of lead poisoning - Answers Poisoning can cause neurobehavioral deficits, acute
encephalopathy, hearing loss, peripheral neuropathy
, Vague symptoms that are nonspecific, abdominal pain, constipation, anorexia, other symptoms include
vomiting, constipation, inattentiveness, distractibility, impulsiveness, learning problems, weakness,
peripheral palsies
no specifics, may have pallor
dx of lead poisoning - Answers Dx is made through elevated venous blood level
what test is the criterion standard for confirmation of lead poisoning - Answers A venous blood level
other tests of lead poisoning include - Answers 1. Erythrocyte protoporphyrin which should be used in
conjunction with venous blood lead level to confirm the dx
2. CBC may reveal hypochromic normocytic anemia
3. Peripheral smear may show basophilic stippling of the rBC but this is not common in children
x ray and lead poisoning - Answers Abdominal X ray may reveal radiopaque flakes that indicate pica, and
radiographs of the long bones may show radiodensities or lead lines which indicate chronic lead
exposure
treatment of lead poisoning - Answers Interventions are considered in children with blood levels >3.4
mcg/L
Lead levels between 15-44 should be confirmed within 1-4 weeks
If lead is >45 then then ordering serum creatine and electrolyte studies is important
If the level is the same or decreasing, then monitoring should be done every 3 months till levels are <5
screening thresholds for lead poisoning - Answers >3.5-19 exposure history, environmental
investigation, assess for IDA
20-44, exposure history, environmental investigation, assess for IDA + detailed exam examining for
evidence of lead toxicity, consider abdominal X ray contact poison control center
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