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Organizational Behavior Question and answers already passed Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior Ideas - correct answer - Concerned with the human side of organizations. - Behavioral and social sciences form basis. - Contingency approach: situational, more than 1 right way - Go...

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  • November 11, 2024
  • 26
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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Organizational Behavior
Organizational Behavior Ideas - correct answer ✔- Concerned with the
human side of organizations.
- Behavioral and social sciences form basis.
- Contingency approach: situational, more than 1 right way
- Goal: make organizations and employees effective. Studied at 3 levels:
individual, small group, and organizational


Evolution of OB - correct answer ✔1. Scientific management: 4 principles
(time/motion (analyze each job and each sub job, He came up with the
'scientific' way to perform each task.), standardization, money bonus, and
management responsibilities (come up with objective for day and then
workers should provide fair days work. Equal split)
- Factories and efficiency, FW Taylor: don't waste time, effort, or resources.
(WWW)
2. Classical organization: enri Fayol's Principles of Management and Max
Weber's Notion of Bureaucracy:
Division of Labor.
Authority (Hierarchical Control).
Unity of Command.
Unity of Direction.
Centralization.
Formal Rules and Regulations.


Classical Management - correct answer ✔- Division of labor: give each
person a specialized job and have them only do that job. This ensures
efficiency.

,- Authority: managers have the god given right to give orders. If people do not
respect the authority of the manager, there will be anarchy.
- Unity of command: each person reports to one boss. Otherwise there could
be confusion.
- Unity of Direction: businesses are broken into departments. People who are
contributing to the same general area should be put together. About expertise,
people are looking at the same goals.
- Centralization: efficient organizations have key decisions made at the top by
the CEO or the vice presidents.
- Formal rules and regulations: Max Weber, highly efficient organizations have
clarity in how to do anything within the company. Example: to apply for a
promotion there are certain forms to fill out and certain people that must
approve the application. Employees know these rules.


Human Relations Movement - correct answer ✔- Hawthorne Studies:
Workers have bad attitude. There is a high turnover for these employees. Bad
for productivity, need to train new people and still get work done. Worker
motivation impacts productivity.
The group as an important force in the work setting.
Different "styles" of supervision, with an emphasis on employee participation.


- Worker Alienation: workers feeling disconnected from their work. They did
not care about their work, just the money.
Factory workers wanted to know why there was low motivation and high
turnover. They hired researchers from Harvard called the Hawthorne team,
which conducted Hawthorne studies. Elton Mayer was the leader of the team.
First study is of illumination on worker productivity. They thought the lighting in
the factory had something to do with worker productivity. They had workers
divide into 2 groups, control and experimental. Whenever they changed
lighting (up and down), there was an increase in worker productivity. Also,
both groups went up in productivity not just experimental. There were some
kind of psychological effects in the minds of the workers. Factory wanted to
know what was going on, they sent researchers back in and interviewed the

, workers one on one. Workers felt that they were being observed, evaluated,
wanted healthy competition, etc.


Theory X and Y: Can only be theory x or theory y, not both.
X: top down communication, controlling, micro managing. Thought employees
were undisciplined, unmotivated, inferior.
Y: Thought employees were trustworthy, motivated, hard working, creative,
intelligent. Their role as a manager is: down top communication, evaluate
performance, learn from employees, provide opportunities for employees to
be creative, assisting employees.
McGregor said Theory X managers see the employee and manager relations
like a parent and child. The


Organizational Behavior - correct answer ✔- The study of what people think,
feel, and do in and around organizations
- Employee behavior, decisions, perception, and emotional responses
- Interaction between organization and external environments, individuals, and
teams within organization.


Organization - correct answer ✔- Groups of people who work
interdependently toward some purpose
- In an organized way, requiring some level of communication, coordination,
and collaboration to achieve objectives
- Collective sense of purpose


Organization Effectiveness - correct answer ✔- Considered the ultimate
dependent variable in OB
- Discredited "goal attainment" definition of organizational effectiveness:
states that companies are effective when they achieve their stated
organizational objectives

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