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Sputum Bowl – Pharm Exam Practice
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
How do you calculate the volume of disribution, VD? - ANSWER✔✔-VD = drug amt put into body divided
by concentration of drug in blood (mg/mg/L)
What do you call a simple valveless extension device that puts distance between an MDI and the
patient's mouth? - ANSWER✔✔-A "spacer"
What is the phase of pharmacology which describes the way by which a drug dose is made available to
the body? - ANSWER✔✔-The pharmaceutical phase
The "United States Pharmacopeia" undergoes revision every how many years? - ANSWER✔✔-5 years
What phase of drug action describes the time course and disposition of a drug in the body, based on its
absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination? - ANSWER✔✔-The pharmacokinetic phase
How does a catecholamine nucleus differ from a resorcinol? - ANSWER✔✔-The hydroxyl attachment at
the #4 carbon is shifted to #5 carbon; metaproterenol (Metuprel, Alupent) and terbutaline (Brethine,
Brethaine, Bricanyl) are both resorcinols
What is the mechanism of action of class III antiarrhythmic agents? - ANSWER✔✔-Prolong phase 3 >
lengthen refractory period (ex: Bretylium tosylate)
What drug is the most popular expectorant? - ANSWER✔✔-Guaifenesin (formerly known as glyceryl
guaiacolate, guaicol is a catechol)
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How much pirbuterol is released from the MDI canister per puff? - ANSWER✔✔-0.2 mg/puff or 200ugm
(300 inhalations/canister, produced by 3M Pharmaceuticals --has a peridine ring instead of benzene ring,
onset of 5-8 min, peak effect 30 min, duration 5 hrs)
What is the active ingredient of the nasal sprat known as Afrin? - ANSWER✔✔-Oxymetazoline (0.05%)
What is the name of the part of a prescription that contains the name and amount of the drug being
prescribed? - ANSWER✔✔-Inscription
What is the now accepted use of the drug called alpha-1-antitrypsin? - ANSWER✔✔-Supplementation
therapy for alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
Specifically, what is the mechanism of action of indomethocin? - ANSWER✔✔-Inhibitor of cyclo-
oxygenase
The pro-drug, bitolterol, is metabolized by what enzyme? - ANSWER✔✔-Ester
Name the two most likely candidates as the transmitter chemicals in the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic
fibers? - ANSWER✔✔-VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide), PHM (peptide histidine methionine)
At what serum theophylline concentration does the pulse rate increase? - ANSWER✔✔-15 ug/ml
(electrophysiologic studies showed acceleration of intracardiac conduction at 15 ug/ml and this could be
instrumental in provoking supraventricular arrhythmias at higher toxic levels)
By what mechanism do unmyelinated sensory nerve ending of the c-fiber type release "tachykinins" such
as substance P? - ANSWER✔✔-Axonal reflex
In line MDI's should not be used in mechanically ventilated infants if the tidal volume is less than what
amount? - ANSWER✔✔-100 ml
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Other than progesterone and doxapram, name two other drugs used as respiratory stimulants.Other
than progesterone and doxapram, name two other drugs used as respiratory stimulants. - ANSWER✔✔-
Almitrine bismesylate, Protriptyline, Theophylline, Acetazolamide, Naloxone
What term is defined by the following words? "Any chemical that alters the organism functions or
processes" - ANSWER✔✔-Drug
Define the term "pharmacognosy". - ANSWER✔✔-The identification of sources of drugs from plants and
animals (or microbes)
What are the six parts of a prescription? - ANSWER✔✔-Patient name, address, and date; superscription,
inscription, subscription, transcription, name of prescriber
What do you call any chemical that alters an organism's functions or processes? - ANSWER✔✔-A drug
What drug, other than pentamadine, is effective against P. carinii? - ANSWER✔✔-Trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole
How many tons of chloroflourocarbons are used each year in metered dose inhalers? - ANSWER✔✔-
4,500 tons (0.4% to 0.5% of annual production)
If you are administering ribavirin, what device should be used and what dose should be given? -
ANSWER✔✔-SPAG nebulizer, 6gm/300ml (2%), 12-18 hrs/day, 3-7 days
Name four ingredients contained in a metered dose inhaler. - ANSWER✔✔-The drug, surfactant,
chloroflourocarbons (F11, F12, F13, F14), flavoring agents, preservatives
Which of the immunoglobins is referred to as "cytophilic antibody"? - ANSWER✔✔-IgE
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What group of drugs is known to have a "gastropulmonary mucokinetic vagal" reflex action? -
ANSWER✔✔-Iodides (also guaifenesin - glyceryl guaiacolate; SSKI contains 1000mg/ml, so a dosage of 10
drops QID would deliver 4g. Complications include: iodine sensitivity in the form of acneiform rash, and
hypothyroidism in 5% of patients)
We know that a beta-agonist drug attaches to beta-receptors within a membrane. With which of the
seven loops of the receptor does the drug form bands with? - ANSWER✔✔-loops #3,5,and 6
What term encompasses the effects and interactions of drugs within the body? - ANSWER✔✔-
Pharmacodynamics
Name any two of the non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers that are considered long-acting. -
ANSWER✔✔-Metocurine, Pancuronium, Pipecurium, Doxacurium, Tubocurarine
According to P & K, what two drugs are effective in reducing the incidence of acute mountain sickness? -
ANSWER✔✔-Acetazolamide, Dexamethasone
What two enzyme pathways can metabolize arachidonic acid? - ANSWER✔✔-Cyclooxygenase and
Lipoxygenase
Give three reasons why the preferred route of administering bronchodilator beta-adrenergic drugs is by
inhalation? - ANSWER✔✔-Rapid onset, smaller doses as compared to oral, side effects are reduced, drug
is delivered directly to target organ, inhalation is painless and safe
Corticosteroids are a complex group of drugs that do not act within the nervous system. What system do
they act within? - ANSWER✔✔-Endocrine
Bitolterol was released as an MDI aerosol in 1985. What is the name of the active form of this pro-drug
once it has been converted? - ANSWER✔✔-Colterol
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