Tasha's friend, Mandy, is a BCBA who encouraged Tasha to become an RBT and then helped her to get a
position at the company where Mandy works. Tasha has become friendly with another RBT who works
under Mandy's supervision. She told Tasha that Mandy filled out a data sheet to indicate a student was
doing better than she really was to help the child continue to receive funding. Tasha isn't sure whether
to report Mandy or talk to her directly about it.
Which of the following is the best way in which this dilemma could be categorized? - answer✔truth vs.
loyalty
Emiliano has just found out that his friend is cheating on her husband. He decides that he wants to tell
the husband because he would want to know if his wife was cheating. Which principle is Emiliano using
to make this decision? - answer✔care-based thinking
Masha is an RBT working in a classroom for students who are severely affected by disabilities. Masha's
primary responsibility is working with Jack who is fourteen years old and is not toilet trained. When Jack
soils his diaper, Masha is shown how to have Jack lie down on a mat in the communal bathroom where
she can help to clean him up. Which of the following options would best reflect the highest level of
moral thinking based on Kohlberg's work on the moral development children? - answer✔Masha
advocates for there to be a private place where she can clean Jack up without others seeing this process.
What does Kidder assert that we must do to be ethically fit? (Select all that apply) - answer✔being
committed to caring.
being mentally engaged in grappling with the tough issues.
In the story about Floyd, Kidder talks about some specific factors that helped him have the courage to
act ethically. Which of the following were listed as reasons he acted ethically in this situation?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔He knew that the culture of his firm supported ethical behavior.
He wanted to do what was in the best long-term interest of the firm.
In which of the following ways does Kidder describe character as having both a personal and social
aspect?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔It is staying ethically fit through interactions with others.
It is what you communicate to others about yourself.
There are benefits from being part of a culture that values ethical behavior.
Which of the following are asserted by Kidder regarding ethics and definitions?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔The majority of people can recognize good.
For ethics to be applicable, it must be viewed as the stuff of daily life.
KIdder puts forth the idea that it is worth distinguishing between morals and ethics, but it is NOT worth
distinguishing between morals and manners. - answer✔False
Lord Moulton described the ethical middle ground as what? - answer✔the region of obedience to the
unenforceable
If it isn't illegal, it must be ethical. - answer✔False
Regarding regulation, Kidder asserts we are choosing between which of the following TWO options?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔unenforceable self-regulation.
enforceable legal regulation
Aristotle put forth the idea that to have excellent moral virtue, we must have the quality of aiming at
the ____________. - answer✔middle
Which one of the following does Kidder describe as being the downfall of states, treaties, and other
agreements? - answer✔trust
Obeying the law is the equivalent of behaving ethically. - answer✔False
What characterizes an effective code of ethics? (Select all that apply) - answer✔It centers on moral
values.
It can be expressed in many ways (e.g., positive vs. negative, a series of words vs. statements)
It is brief.
Kidder has done significant work with individuals discussing core values. Which values consistently
appear on the lists that such groups develop?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔tolerance, love, truth, fairness
We should abandon the framework of basic, shared prohibitions because all ethics are relative. -
answer✔False
Which of the following does Kidder assert, either himself or by quoting others, regarding relativism?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔In the end, ideas seep down to the level of practice.
Some arguments are more firmly grounded in fact and reason than others.
The rightness or wrongness of an act is determined only by the morality of one's own motives or
intentions in a given situation. This describes ___________ ethics. - answer✔situation
It is easier to get agreement on the level of _________ than on the level of ___________ . -
answer✔values, tactics
We can be prepared for moral dilemmas that may arise if recognize our ___________ values. -
answer✔core
Kidder cites what factor as the "great danger" that lies in the hands of ordinary people? - answer✔At a
critical moment, we may not realize we are are walking into moral temptation.
What are the ways that we typically think of wrong? (Select all that apply) - answer✔A lack of
correspondence what is said and what actually happened.
A lack of correspondence between what we believe to be right and what we actually do.
We don't know the law and its applications, or we willfully choose to violate the law.
Kidder asserts that most wrongdoing arises from immorality. Immorality arises from our actions being
out of sync with our values. Why does Kidder suggest that this lack of correspondence occurs? -
answer✔Our values have not been adequately defined.
BCBAs cheating on their schoolwork is NOT a victimless crime. This is because, like doctors, they need to
know what they are doing since they will have a significant impact on the lives of those they serve. -
answer✔True
Those who are raised in more affluent families are less likely to cheat. - answer✔False
Lawrence Kohlberg posited a theory regarding the moral development of children. Which of the
following describes the highest and final stage of moral development? - answer✔personal commitment
to principles such as justice, equal human rights, and individual dignity.
How does the author of this textbook define "good" people? (Select all that apply) - answer✔They seem
to have a deep core of ethical values.
They seem to struggle over issues that some people might not even recognize as problems.
They are aware of a sense of vision.
The story about Gray indicates that he wants to avoid even the appearance of doing something wrong. -
answer✔True
The author discusses which of the following as being characteristic of "tough choices"?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔They contrast two possibilities that both could be considered right.
The author considers it helpful to categorize dilemmas into which of the following common paradigms?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔truth vs. loyalty, justice vs. mercy, individual vs. community, short-term
vs. long-term
How does the process of categorizing a dilemma into a paradigm guide us to make difficult choices?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔It helps us to see past the unnecessary details and into the core issue.
Reducing dilemmas into common patterns helps us to see the similarity with other problems and how it
is a workable problem.
It helps us separate right vs. right issues from right vs. wrong issues.
If we find it difficult to categorize an issue into one of the common "right vs. right" dilemma paradigms,
this likely means that it is actually a right vs. wrong issue. - answer✔True
The author talks about which of the following principles as providing different lenses through which we
can view our ethical dilemmas?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔ends-based thinking, care-based thinking, rules-based thinking
Match each of the following statements with the shorthand label described by Kidder. -
answer✔Imagine how you would feel if you were the recipient of your actions (care).
Do what leads to the greatest good for the greatest number (ends).
Follow the principle that you want everyone else to follow (rules).
Requires one to predict outcomes and consider the consequences (ends).
Stick to your principles, despite the consequences (rules).
Which of the following are among the first three steps Kidder mentions as underlying ethical decision
making?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔identify that an issue requires attention.
gather the relevant facts.
determine if I am morally obligated and responsible to do anything regarding a moral dilemma.
Recognizing that there is a moral issue requires us to discriminate between which of the following
questions?
(Select all that apply) - answer✔Is their truly a moral issue being faced?
Is this actually a question about manners and social conventions?
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