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PSYC 395 Forensic Psychology Exam Practice Questions and Answers 100% Pass
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PSYC 395 Forensic Psychology Exam Practice Questions and Answers 100% Pass summarize the debate surrounding expert testimony on eyewitness issues. What is the quality and accuracy of eyewitness descriptions of perpetrators? - ANSWER-While many researchers maintain that expert witnesses can prov...

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  • November 11, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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PSYC 395 Forensic Psychology Exam Practice

Questions and Answers 100% Pass


summarize the debate surrounding expert testimony on eyewitness issues.




What is the quality and accuracy of eyewitness descriptions of perpetrators? - ANSWER✔✔-While many

researchers maintain that expert witnesses can provide expert testimony in court on issues such as

lineup procedures, interview procedures and confidence-accuracy relationship, some disagree.




The argument is that experts are overconfident in their conclusions and mislead courts as to the validity,

consistency and generalizability of the data.




research has varied results, often uses university students (specific demongraphic), not matching the

reality of witness experiences.


*Discuss the difficulty in defining the nature of forensic psychology. - ANSWER✔✔-it is very broad and

diverse.


Clinical F.P conduct assessments, evaluations, and treatment- work in criminal courts and provide

opinion to the court. They answer questions about the care of children and families ability to care for

them- also they evaluate people who have lawsuits.


Some FP do experimental work that may influence how laws are made or carried out.

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they analyse the psychological details of cases. They also work with people who are demonstrating

extreme emotional states.


*What is the difference between a forensic psychologist and a forensic psychiatrist? - ANSWER✔✔-Both

occupations intersect with the law and mental health, but there are differences:




Psychologist: Involved in research, PhD, specializes in specific aspect of the law- criminal, civil, family. A

research degree.




Psychiatrist: Medical doctor who specializes in mental health and the law, prescribes medications,

conducts assessments. A medical degree. Assess and evaluate the victim, suspect, or witness. forensic

psychologist that tends to focus on evaluating and measuring the mental capacity of the criminal

defendant


*Differentiate "psychology in the law" from "psychology of the law." - ANSWER✔✔-IN: The use of

psychology in the legal system as it already operates. Researchers conduct experiments and bring to light

new and useful information that can then be used by lawyers, judges, social workers to guide decisions.

So psychology in the law means using psychological knowledge IN the legal system.


Ex: an expert witness who draws on current research relevant to a particular case prior to testifying.




OF: The use of psychology to examine the law itself. Psychology of the law addresses research questions

to be studied. Ex: Does the law create order in society? This type of psychology is not considered one of


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the fundamental aspects of forensic psychology, but interest is growing. Answering research questions is

challenging because it often involves multiple disciplines- sociology, criminology, law.




AND: Psychology is viewed as a separate discipline. This kind of psychology examines assumptions made

by the law or our legal system by asking questions like Are eyewitnesses accurate? Are judges fair in the

way they hand down sentences? is it possible to predict which offenders will be violent when they are

released from prison? FP attempt to answer these kinds of questions so that they can be communicated

to the legal community.


Most of FP is AND the law.


*Outline three major theories about the cause of crime. - ANSWER✔✔-Biological: Mark and Ervin's

dyscontrol theory. They proposed that lesions in the temporal lobe and limbic system result in electrical

disorganization within the brain, which leads to a dyscontrol syndrome. Symptoms of dyscontrol

syndrome could include outbursts of sudden physical violence, impulsive sexual behaviour, and serious

traffic violations.




Sociological: Merton's (1938) strain theory. Merton proposed that crime is largely a product of the strain

felt by certain individuals in society, typically the lower class, who have restricted access to legitimate

means (e.g., education) of achieving goals of success (e.g., status). Merton argued that, while some of

these individuals will be happy with the lesser goals that are achievable, others will turn to illegitimate

means (e.g., crime) in an attempt to achieve the valued goals.




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Psychological: Akers's (1973) social learning theory. Akers suggested that crime is learned in the same

way that noncriminal behaviour is learned. The likelihood of becoming a criminal increases when one

interacts with individuals who favour antisocial attitudes; when one is exposed to role models, either in

person or symbolically, who exhibit antisocial behaviour; when one defines antisocial behaviour as

justified in a particular situation; and when one has received (and expects to receive) a greater degree of

rewards versus punishments for antisocial behaviour.


*Give five reasons why police discretion is necessary - ANSWER✔✔-The reason for allowing police to

practice discretion is that it is impossible to establish laws or policies that encompass all the possible

situations that an officer may find herself in.




There are many important reasons why police discretion is necessary:


1- An officer who attempts to enforce all of the laws at all times would forever be in court and at the

police station, and of no use to his force or the safety of the community.


2- Some laws are passed that are not intended to be enforced all the time.


3- Some laws are vague, making it necessary for police to interpret them and decide when to apply

them.


4- Most law violations are minor and don't require full enforcement of the law.


5- Full enforcement of the law at all times would alienate the public and undermine support for the

police.


*What is the Reid model? Describe the model's key stages in police interrogation. Of the nine steps for

stage 3, which two do you feel to be the most critical? Justify your answer. - ANSWER✔✔-the Reid model


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