DRE Course Examination Questions And Answers
The National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers. (Approximately 30,000 drivers were asked to provide an oral fluid or blood sample.) - answersAbout 20% of drivers tested positive for at least one drug. More than 15% of drivers tested ...
The 2013-2014 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers. (Approximately 30,000
drivers were asked to provide an oral fluid or blood sample.) - answers✔✔About 20% of drivers
tested positive for at least one drug. More than 15% of drivers tested positive for at least one illegal
drug.
Facts of the DECP (Drug Evaluation and Classification Program) (1/4) - answers✔✔The program
began in the early 1970's in response to a growing awareness of impaired drivers under the
influence of drugs. The DECP had started with Sergeant Dick Studdard (Traffic Officer) and Len Leeds
(Narcotics Officer)
Facts of the DECP (Drug Evaluation and Classification Program) (2/4) - answers✔✔In 1979 the
program was officially recognized by LAPD. By the early 1980's NHTSA completed its validation of the
SFSTs and began assisting the LAPD in validating the DRE program.
Facts of the DECP (Drug Evaluation and Classification Program) (3/4) - answers✔✔The DRE three-
part determination: 1. It establishes the subject is impaired and verifies the alcohol level is not
consistent with the degree of impairment that is evident. 2. Uses simple evaluation procedures to
determine whether the impairment may stem from illness or injury, requiring medical attention. 3.
Lastly, it uses evaluation procedures to determine what category (or categories) of drugs are the
likely cause of the impairment.
Facts of the DECP (Drug Evaluation and Classification Program) (4/4) - answers✔✔Five reasons for a
standardized procedure: 1. To be able to articulate suspicion of drug influence. 2. To use DRE's
observation and expertise if the subject refuses testing. 3. To help identify that a drug is
psychoactive. 4. To help point laboratory technicians toward a specific drug category to reduce
testing costs. 5. Lastly, a DRE can help to identify if impairment is being caused by medical problems.
John Hopkins Study (Laboratory Validation Study which was conducted in 1984 at John Hopkins
University in Maryland) 1/2 - answers✔✔LAPD participants included Dick Studdard, Jerry Powell, Pat
Russell, and Doug Laird. Volunteers each took a "pill" and smoked a "cigarette." The "pill" contained
either: a placebo, Secobarbital, Valium, or d-amphetamine. The "cigarette" contained either: a
placebo or THC.
John Hopkins Study (Laboratory Validation Study which was conducted in 1984 at John Hopkins
University in Maryland) 2/2 - answers✔✔The DREs classified 95% of the drug free subjects as "not
impaired." They classified 98.7% of the subjects who received "strong" doses. They correctly
identified the category of drug for 91.7% of the "strong" dose cases.
Los Angeles Field Validation Study (It was conducted in 1985 and involved 173 subjects who were
arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence of drugs. - answers✔✔This study used 28 DREs
from LAPD and the L.A. area. For more than 92.5% of the subjects, the blood test confirmed the
presence of at least one drug category "predicted" by the DREs.
Oregon State v. O'Key (1995) - HGN Test admissible - answers✔✔Court case explaining that the HGN
test results are scientific in nature. Admissibility is subject to a foundation showing that the officer
who administered the test was properly qualified, that the test was administered properly, and that
the test results were recorded accurately.
Information about the Drug Evaluation and Classification Process (1/2) - answers✔✔The DEC is a
systematic and standardized method of examining a subject to determine if the subject is impaired,
if impaired, is the impairment a result of injury, illness, or is it drug related, and if it is drug related,
what category (or categories) of drugs is (or are) the likely cause of the subject's impairment?
Information about the Drug Evaluation and Classification Process (2/2) - answers✔✔Based on a
variety of observable signs and symptoms that are known to be reliable indicators of drug
impairment: subject's appearance, subject's behavior, and performance of carefully administered
psychophysical tests.
Drug Influence Evaluation Steps - answers✔✔1. Breath alcohol test
2. The interview of the arresting officer
3. Preliminary examination
4. Examinations of the eyes
5. Divided attention tests
6. Examination of vital signs
7. Dark room examinations
8. Examination of muscle tone
9. Examination for injection sites
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