Myelin sheath - ANS ✓casing that protects the signal increases signal
conduction
(MS, Guillain barre)
Blood brain barrier - ANS ✓btwn capillaries and brain tissue
Protects from harmful agents
Only allow certain drugs in
Change based on patient situation
NR 325
, 2
NR
(BBB becomes more permeable in inflammation thus allowing in more
medication easily such as abx)
CSF - ANS ✓4 ventricles fluid filled cavities
Extends through the spinal cord
Produced by choroid plexus
Circulates in the subarachnoid space
Surrounds the brain, brainstem, spinal cord
Cushions for the brain and SC
Functions:
- protection
- nutrients
- remove waste
- measure to detect bacteria, protein
- meaure ICP
Measuring ICP in the CSF - ANS ✓when too much pressure is exerted in a
downward direction it causes brain herniation into the brainstem
Csf should be... - ANS ✓clear
Colorless
No RBC
Little to no protein
Majot component of CSF - ANS ✓glucose (+) fpr glucose
Most important assessment for neuro - ANS ✓LOC
NR 325
, 3
NR
Axo x4
Motor function CN assessment includes - ANS ✓push against resistance 5/5 =
normal
Hand grasps
Foot presses
Sensory function assessment - ANS ✓light tough 2:1 discrimination
Pain
Temperature
Hypotonia - ANS ✓faccidity
Hypertonia - ANS ✓spasticity
Myoclonus - ANS ✓spasm of muscles
Dystonia - ANS ✓impairment of muscle tone
Assess cerebellum function - ANS ✓balance
Coordination
Posture/ gait (shuffling)
Finger to nose
Heel to shin
Reflex assessment - ANS ✓always assess bilaterally side to side
Biceps
Triceps
NR 325
, 4
NR
Brachioradialis
Patellar
Achilles
Babinski
Abnormal posturing causes - ANS ✓1. Loss of brain function
2. Severe brain damage
3. Increased ICP
Decorticate - ANS ✓flexion
C's
Cervical spine or cerebral hemisphere
Curling into core
Decerberate - ANS ✓extensor
E's
Prob w/ midbrain or brainstem
Giving up and out
WORSE!
Extension all 4 extremities
3 areas assessed in GCS - ANS ✓best eye opening - 4
Best verbal - 5
Best motor - 6
NR 325
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