Kussmaul respirations May be characterized as a respiratory pattern: - ANS
✓With a slightly increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes, and no
expiratory pause
Pulmonary Edema usually begins at a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
or left atrial pressure of _________ mm Hg - ANS ✓20 mm Hg
_____________ Is a fulminant form of respiratory failure characterized by acute
lung inflammation and diffuse alveocapillary injury - ANS ✓Acute
respiratory distress syndrome
ARDS
Dyspnea is not a result of - ANS ✓Decreased blood flow to the medulla
oblongata
High-altitude may produce hypoxemia through - ANS ✓Decreased inspired
oxygen
The first factors the presence of adequate oxygen content of the inspired
air
Oxygen content is lessened at high altitude's
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Clinical manifestations that include unexplained weight loss, dyspnea on
exertion, use of accessory muscles, and tachypnea with prolonged
expiration are indicative of: - ANS ✓Emphysema
Individuals with emphysema usually have dyspnea on exertion that later
progresses to marked dyspnea even at rest.
Little coughing and very little sputum are produced. The individual often is
thin, has tachypnea with prolonged expiration, and must use accessory
muscles for ventilation. The Anteroposterior diameter of the chest is
increased (barrel chest). The chest has a hyper resonant sound with
percussion.
Which inflammatory mediators are produced an asthma? - ANS ✓Histamine,
prostaglandins, and leukotrienes
In tuberculosis , the body walls off the bacilli in a tubercle by stimulating -
ANS ✓Apoptotic infected macrophages that activate cytotoxic T cells
In defence, macrophages and lymphocytes release interferon, which
inhibits the replication of the micro organism and stimulates more
macrophages to attack the bacterium. Apoptotic infected macro phages also
can activate cytotoxic T cells
The most successful treatment for chronic asthma begins with: - ANS
✓Elimination of the causative agent.
Chronic management of asthma begins with avoidance of allergens and
other triggers
Which of the following types of croup is most common? - ANS ✓Viral
In 85% of cases, croup is caused by a virus, most commonly para influenza,
however other viruses such is influenza a or RSV can also cause croup
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