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Echo Board Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass

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Echo Board Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass Which valve separates the areas of greatest pressure differences? - ANSWER-Mitral valve Where does the LAD lie? - ANSWER-In the anterior interventricular groove (sulcus). What service does the epicardial fat pad provide for the heart? - ANSWER-P...

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  • November 10, 2024
  • 39
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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Echo Board Review Questions and

Answers 100% Pass


Which valve separates the areas of greatest pressure differences? - ANSWER✔✔-Mitral valve


Where does the LAD lie? - ANSWER✔✔-In the anterior interventricular groove (sulcus).


What service does the epicardial fat pad provide for the heart? - ANSWER✔✔-Protects the main

coronaries.


Which aortic leaflet is the superior one in the PLAX? - ANSWER✔✔-Right coronary cusp


From the left parasternal window which of the following are you most likely to get accurate velocity

measurements?


A. LVOT


B. Aortic stenosis


C. Pulmonary artery


D. Mitral regurgitation - ANSWER✔✔-C. Pulmonary artery


Which tricuspid leaflets are shown in the parasternal RVIF view? - ANSWER✔✔-Posterior and anterior


Where is the LAA seen on TTE? - ANSWER✔✔-Sometimes PSAX AoV level


Usually better in Apical 2


What do the coronary arteries come off of? - ANSWER✔✔-Sinuses of Valsalva


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During which phase do the coronaries fill? - ANSWER✔✔-Early diastole


What are the four aortic artery measurements? - ANSWER✔✔-1. Aortic valve annulus


2. Aortic sinuses


3. Aortic sinotubular junction


4. Ascending aorta


Normal values: LVIDd - ANSWER✔✔-Men: 4.2-5.8cm


Women: 3.8-5.2cm


Normal values: LVIDs - ANSWER✔✔-Men: 2.4-4cm


Women: 2.2-3.5cm


Normal values: IVSd & LVPWd - ANSWER✔✔-Men: 0.6-1cm


Women: 0.5-0.9cm


Normal values: LAs area - ANSWER✔✔-<=20cm^2


Normal values: LAs dimension - ANSWER✔✔-Men: 3-4cm


Women: 2.7-3.8cm


Normal values: LAs volume - ANSWER✔✔-16-34mL


If a patient is younger (<40yo) with anomolous coronaries, what type of symptoms may be seen? -

ANSWER✔✔-1. DOE


2. Exercise-induced angina



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How much of a cardiac cycle is accounted for by diastole? - ANSWER✔✔-2/3


What is another term for apical 2 chamber? - ANSWER✔✔-Vertical long axis (VLA)


What is another term for apical 4 chamber? - ANSWER✔✔-Horizontal long axis (HLA)


The best images of the ascending aorta are often obtained from which transducer window? -

ANSWER✔✔-Suprasternal


What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? - ANSWER✔✔-Aortic coarctation


What are two ways of describing where aortic coarctations most often occur? - ANSWER✔✔-1. After the

take-off of the left subclavian artery


2. Within the aortic isthmus


Which pulmonary veins are seen in the Apical 4 chamber? - ANSWER✔✔-Lower pulmonary veins.


Which pulmonary veins are seen in the Apical 5 chamber? - ANSWER✔✔-Upper pulmonary veins.


From the apical 4 chamber view, how do you rotate the transducer to obtain the Apical LAX? -

ANSWER✔✔-Counterclockwise 120 degrees


Where is the coronary sinus located? - ANSWER✔✔-Posterior AV groove.


To visualize the coronary sinus in the Apical 4 chamber view you should tilt the transducer: -

ANSWER✔✔-Posterior


Which valve sits at the opening of the coronary sinus? - ANSWER✔✔-Thebesian


What portion of the pulonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? - ANSWER✔✔-a wave


At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - ANSWER✔✔-40-45 C

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What mid-esophageal TEE view is at 0 degrees? - ANSWER✔✔-ME 4 chamber


What mid-esophageal TEE view is at 90 degrees? - ANSWER✔✔-ME 2 chamber


What mid-esophageal TEE view is at 120 degrees? - ANSWER✔✔-ME LAX (3CH)


What mid-esophageal TEE view is at 60 degrees? - ANSWER✔✔-ME AV SAX


What is the absolute refractory state? - ANSWER✔✔-The period when muscle cells cannot become

excitable.


What does the P wave represent? - ANSWER✔✔-Atrial systole.


What does the PRI represent? - ANSWER✔✔-Atrial to ventricular depolarization.


What does the T wave represent? - ANSWER✔✔-Ventricular diastole (repolarization).


What is the normal duration for the QRS complex? - ANSWER✔✔-<0.12sec


What 4 things increase with an increased preload? - ANSWER✔✔-1. Volume


2. Contractility


3. Myocardial fiber length


4. Tension


What is afterload? - ANSWER✔✔-1. The load (volume) exerted on the ventricle at end diastole.


2. The resistance against which the ventricle must pump.


What type of chamber changes are found with chronic increased preload? - ANSWER✔✔-Dilation


What type of chamber changes are found with chronic increased afterload? - ANSWER✔✔-Hypertrophy


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