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Summary Module 1 Additional Reading and Video Notes

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Organize word doc of the content from the additional content from M1 so you dont have to read them all

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  • November 10, 2024
  • 11
  • 2024/2025
  • Summary
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M1: Osteology, Anthropology
& Forensic Context



ASM 275
M1: Reading & Videos
Forensic  Back before forensic anthropogony; investigators would have to go to
Magazine halls of academia and museums
o This was the only place you could find skeletonized individuals to
compare
What Anthropology
 Due to the number of cases being brought to academic anthropologists it
Brings to the Table
led to the building of laboratories
 Anthropology
o The study of humans
o For the simple definition; the field of anthropology is complex
 Anthropologists
o People that frame and answer questions pertaining to human
behavior across both living and past human populations
o Develops theories that attempt to explain the complexities of
human interactions
 To expect a single law enforcement professional to serve as
investigator, forensic scientist, and criminal intelligence analyst
would only prepare that individual for failure
 Today anthropology has found home in many forensic facilities
 Popular culture idolizes the concept of CSI within anthropology
o The fictional characters in these shows often assume the roles on
multiple disciplines in real life
 Criminal Investigators rely on the team not individuals
 The danger of overspecialization in any applied science arises if it limits
the ability or motivation for individuals to address the larger theoretical
issues and perhaps lose sight of the big picture

Benefit of Collaboration

 Examination of the various types of investigations confronting law
enforcement and forensic science professionals
 The most effective cold case or violent crime strategies is to conduct
structured case reviews where all the investigators, scientists, and
prosecutors meet, review evidence, and discuss investigative strategies

Isolated Team Members

 Detective
o They may be expected to independently put the puzzle together
 Scientist
o May not be aware of how various ways the other members may
approach their analysis can affect the investigation



 Opening lines of communication between individuals is not enough to rid
these isolations
 The way for the puzzle to be put together is to synthesize the findings
into the investigation using the same theoretical model

, M1: Osteology, Anthropology
& Forensic Context


 The facility design of modern forensic structures ties all of them
together

 Facility Design
o Will continue to push the concepts of collaboration and
collaborative space while protecting the need for evidence secure
facilities
 The core of anthropology research and discovery will continue to guide
investigation and drive facility design
 If we fail to focus our various methods through a coherent, theoretical
framework, then we run the risk of not accomplishing what we set out to
do
 We should not over-rely on technological advancements


Research
Article

Differentiation of
Hydrocephalic Calf &
Human Calvariae
Two calavariae skulls from Okalahoma
SAMPLE A SAMPLE 2
Extremely dry and brittle Slightly pliable
Precipitin Line Formed w/ Antibovine
Serum
Non-Reactive with any antibodies Identity Pattern Developed w/ Bovine
Serum
Non-Reaction w/ Antisheep & Antideer

 Gross Morphology
o Distinguishes human skeletal remains from non-human
 Difficult Examination of Human Skeletal Remains Risk Factors
o Intense Heat, Taphonomic Changes, Surgical Intervention, Disease

Immunological Assessment of Soft Tissue

 Testing methods are determined by sample characteristics
 From the table above and the conditions of the extracts, coupled with the
fact that potential antigen concentration present was unknown….
o Led to the choice of a double diffusion test method
o Type 1 Agar (1%) in PBS at pH (7.2) with the addition of
polyethylene glycol 8000 (3.5%) to enhance precipitin lines and
prepared/stored 0-4°C
 Precipitating antibodies were selected with the morphological
characteristics of the calvaria in mind
o [Sheep, Swine, Horse, Deer, Human] ----- Tested Species
 Morphological data alone would leave the results inconclusive
 Immunological Identification --- Bovine
o Potential for including techniques in similar cases

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