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OCR A Level History AY306/01 Rebellion and Disorder under the Tudors 1485–1603 MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME FOR MAY 2024 $10.49   Add to cart

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OCR A Level History AY306/01 Rebellion and Disorder under the Tudors 1485–1603 MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME FOR MAY 2024

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OCR A Level History AY306/01 Rebellion and Disorder under the Tudors 1485–1603 MERGED QUESTION PAPER AND MARK SCHEME FOR MAY 2024

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  • November 10, 2024
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A Level History A
Y306/01 Rebellion and Disorder under the Tudors 1485–1603
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, 2

SECTION A

Read the two passages and answer Question 1.


1 Evaluate the interpretations in both of the two passages.

Explain which you think is more convincing as an explanation of the nature of the Pilgrimage of
Grace. [30]


Passage A

The rebellion was overwhelmingly popular and spontaneous. There was no gentry conspiracy. None
was found at the time, nor can one be discovered now. However, the gentry were first forced into
offering leadership and then strove hard to establish their grip over the movement. The dynamic heart
of the rising, whether in Lincolnshire, Yorkshire, or the fringes of Lancashire and Cumbria, lay with the
commons. Whilst every local movement had its own identity, the determination to rise came from two
sources.

Firstly, the rumours of the destruction of parish religion which circulated in the summer of 1536 (the
closure of parish churches, the confiscation of church goods, the threatened taxation of baptisms).
Secondly, word of the rising elsewhere. The movement in the East Riding of Yorkshire and the central
area of the West Riding of Yorkshire saw itself as being a part of the Lincolnshire rising. The risings
in Craven [part of North Yorkshire], Lancashire and Cumbria were a response to the movement in
Richmondshire [part of North Yorkshire], although it is not possible to say with certainty whether the
rising there took place in reaction to the news of Lincolnshire.

Whilst the gentry secured control of the movement by the end of October and used it to try and buy
concessions to appease the commons, all the 1536 movements were, in the first days, movements
in which the bonds of obedience to social superiors were cut or, perhaps it is truer to say, reversed:
the rebels expected the gentry to do their bidding. In the second phase of the rebellion, the gentry
won a competition for the leadership with the rebels but found themselves faced with the problem of
leading an enthusiastic rank and file, who would accept elite authority so long as it was advancing
their interests.

R. Hoyle, The Pilgrimage of Grace, published in 2001.

, 3

Passage B

How spontaneous was the outbreak? After the event, it was generally represented as an uprising of
the commons who had allegedly forced their betters into compliance. Even Aske, the great captain,
claimed to have been forced by peasant rebels. However, the idea of a spontaneous combustion
which then brought in the existing inflammatory material to set the whole north ablaze is not in
accord with the facts. It is necessary to consider the evidence of clear advance planning. Was it
pure coincidence that Aske, after weekending with the Ellerkers, should happen to cross the Humber
three days after the Lincolnshire rising had begun, that he should have been taken by the rebels,
and that he should have returned to Yorkshire rather than continue his alleged intention of making for
London? Even in Lincolnshire, where the first stirs were provoked by rumour-spreading clergy, there
is evidence of rioters being paid for their work and that money must have come from somewhere.

In short, the Pilgrimage, though it had its spontaneous moments, was in itself no spontaneous event
but in great measure a planned rising. The point is proved by a look at the real leaders who did not
come from either the commons nor the great northern families. Thus, the Pilgrimage originated in
a decision by one of the court factions to take the battle out of the court into the nation, to raise the
standard of loyal rebellion as the only way left to them if they were to succeed in reversing the defeats
suffered at court and in Parliament, and in forcing the king to change his policy.

G. Elton, Reform and Reformation, published in 1977.




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