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Astro 1 exam 1 Penn State Study Guide Solutions

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Astro 1 exam 1 Penn State Study Guide Solutions Newton's first law of motion - ANSWER-an object at rest or in motion in a straight line at a constant speed will remain in that state unless acted upon by a force Newton's second law of motion - ANSWER-The acceleration of a body due to a force wil...

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  • November 10, 2024
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Astro 1 exam 1 Penn State Study Guide

Solutions


Newton's first law of motion - ANSWER✔✔-an object at rest or in motion in a straight line at a constant

speed will remain in that state unless acted upon by a force


Newton's second law of motion - ANSWER✔✔-The acceleration of a body due to a force will be in the

same direction as the force, with a magnitude inversely proportional to its mass


Newton's third law of motion - ANSWER✔✔-for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction


force equation - ANSWER✔✔-force = mass * acceleration


The force of gravity by the sun keeps the planets in orbit around it, but how do the planets affect the

sun? - ANSWER✔✔-they exert an equally strong pull on the sun, causing it to move slightly


If i apply exactly the same amount of force to a pebble and a boulder what will happen? - ANSWER✔✔-

the pebble will move faster


weight formula - ANSWER✔✔-weight = mass x gravity


how high are you jumping at 2x earth's mass? - ANSWER✔✔-half as high


since the jump height is half as high what does that tell us about the gravity? - ANSWER✔✔-gravity is

twice as much


gravity equation - ANSWER✔✔-gravity = m/r^2



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what causes seasons - ANSWER✔✔-the planet's tilt with respect to plane in which they orbit the sun


equinox - ANSWER✔✔-12 hours of day, 12 hours of night


What day do the equinoxes fall on and what months - ANSWER✔✔-the 21st of September and March


solstice - ANSWER✔✔-longest and shortest days of the year


day and month each solstice falls on - ANSWER✔✔-December 21st, June 21st


two moons of mars - ANSWER✔✔-Phobos and deimos


solar eclipse - ANSWER✔✔-Occurs during moon's 'new' phase when moon lies in direct line between sun

and earth


lunar eclipse - ANSWER✔✔-Occurs when moons is opposite the sun from earth or during the full moon

phase


moons phases in order, counter-clockwise - ANSWER✔✔-new moon → waxing crescent → first quarter

moon → waxing gibbous → full moon → waning gibbous → last quarter moon → waning crescent →

new moon (repeat)


how many phases a week does the moon go through - ANSWER✔✔-approx 2


how much is the moon illuminated at all times - ANSWER✔✔-50%


waning - ANSWER✔✔-less illuminated in coming days


waxing - ANSWER✔✔-more illuminated in coming days


how long is the moon in transit for - ANSWER✔✔-6 hours


when does the moon rise and set for a full moon - ANSWER✔✔-6am and 6pm

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