EDF 6223 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
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Course
EDF 6223
Institution
EDF 6223
EDF 6223 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Confusing response blocking and sensory extinction - Answer- -Response blocking is not an extinction procedure
-Response blocking prevents the occurrence of the target behavior
-With all extinction procedures the individual can emit the prob...
EDF 6223 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Confusing response blocking and sensory extinction - Answer- -Response blocking is
not an extinction procedure
-Response blocking prevents the occurrence of the target behavior
-With all extinction procedures the individual can emit the problem behavior.
Confusing noncontingent reinforcement and extinction - Answer- -Noncontingent
reinforcement (NCR) does not withhold the reinforcers that maintain the problem
behavior.
-Extinction diminishes behavior by changing consequence stimuli; NCR diminishes
behavior by changing antecedent stimuli
The functional variation of extinction is withholding maintaining reinforcers. - Answer-
True
Extinction of Behavior Maintained by Positive Reinforcement - Answer- -Behaviors
maintained by positive reinforcement are placed on extinction when those behaviors do
not produce the reinforcer.
Extinction of Behavior Maintained by Negative Reinforcement - Answer- -Behaviors
maintained by negative reinforcement are place on extinction (escape extinction) when
those behaviors do not produce a removal of the aversive stimulus
-The individual cannot escape from the aversive situation.
Extinction of Behavior Maintained by Automatic Reinforcement - Answer- -Behaviors
maintained by automatic reinforcement are placed on extinction by masking or removing
the sensory consequence (sensory extinction)
Extinction of Behavior Maintained by Automatic Reinforcement - Answer- -Not a
recommended treatment option for problem behavior, even self-stimulatory behaviors
that are maintained by social consequences or negative reinforcement.
Extinction Effects - Answer- •Gradual Decrease in Frequency and Amplitude
-Extinction produces a gradual reduction in behavior
-However, when reinforcement is removed abruptly, numerous unreinforced responses
can follow
, •Extinction Burst - Answer- -An immediate increase in the frequency of the response
after the removal of the positive, negative, or automatic reinforcement.
-"an increase in responding during any of the first three treatment sessions above that
observed during all of the last five baseline sessions or all of baseline." (Lerman, Iwata,
& Wallace, 1999)
•Spontaneous Recovery - Answer- -The behavior that diminished during the extinction
process recurs even though the behavior does not produce reinforcement
-Short-lived and limited if the extinction procedure remains in effect.
•Resistance to extinction - Answer- -Continued responding during the extinction
process.
Behavior that continues to occur during extinction is said to have better resistance to
extinction than behavior that diminishes more quickly
•Three tentative statements describing resistance to extinction as it relates to
continuous and intermittent reinforcement: - Answer- -A) Intermittent reinforcement may
produce behavior with greater resistance to extinction than the resistance produced by
continuous reinforcement
-B) some intermittent schedules may produce more resistant than others
-C) to a degree, the thinner the intermittent schedule of reinforcement is the greater the
resistance to extinction will be.
•Establishing Operations - Answer- -All stimuli that function as reinforcers require a
minimum level of an establishing operation (i.e., motivation must be present).-
"Resistance to extinction is greater when extinction is carried out under high motivation
than under low."
(Keller & Schoenfeld, 1950/1995, p.#75)
Number, Magnitude, and quality of reinforcement - Answer- -The number of times a
behavior produces reinforcement may influence resistance to extinction.
-A behavior with a long history of reinforcement may have more resistance to extinction
than a behavior with a shorter history of reinforcement
•Response Effort - Answer- -The effort required for a response apparently influences its
resistance to extinction.
•A response requiring great effort diminishes more quickly during extinction than a
response requiring less effort.
10 Guidelines for Application of Extinction - Answer- •Withholding all reinforcers
maintaining the problem behavior
•Withholding reinforcement consistently
•Combining extinction with other procedures
•Using instructions
•Planning for extinction-produced aggression
•Increasing the number of extinction trials
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