Describe the sclera of the eye - answer Tough layer. White of the eye. Protects and
maintains the shape of the eye. Connects to six muscles
Describe the conjunctiva of the eye - answer lines the eyelids and extends to the front of
the eyeball
Describe the retina of the eye - answer inner layer. Contains cones and rods
Describe the cornea of the eye - answer tough and transparent. Covers the pupil and
the iris. Injury can cause opacity which restricts light from entering the eye.
Describe the lens of the eye - answer circular. Filled with jelly. Focuses on near and far
objects
Describe the iris of the eye - answer colored. located between the cornea and the lens.
controls the amount the light that enters the eye
Describe the pupil of the eye - answer circular opening to the iris. Window of the eye.
Ligt passes to the lens and retina
Describe the lacrimal glands - answerupper, outer aspect of each upper eyelid. prevents
infection and moistens the eye. Drains through tear ducts
What history should you collect with an eye injury? - answerMOI
Blunt trauma v. penetrating
thermal, chemical or laser burn?
Does the casualty wear glasses or contacts?
Hx of eye trauma or surgery?
Is there pain or loss of vision?
What does DA PAM 40-506 say in regards to contact lenses for soldiers? - answernot to
be worn during basic training, filed exercises, gas chamber exercises, deployment or
combat. Contact lenses can worsen eye injuries.
Describe different ways to assess visual acuity - answerVisual acuity is most important
step in assessing eye problems
Snellen chart in the clinic
In the field, use a near card if available.
, Gross visual exam: ask casualty to read something. Ask casualty if they can see how
many fingers you are holding up. Ask casualty if they can see movement (movement of
fingers 1-2 inches in front of eye). Test casualty for light and dark differentiation.
With chemical burns, what should we do before assessing visual acuity? - answerflush
the eyes
How do you properly palpate an eye? - answerby palpating around the eye and avoiding
pressure on the globe
How long do you flush an eye? - answerUntil the pain stops or until you are out of
supplies to do so.
What does ballistic eye pro protect against? - answerpenetrating injuries, lasers and
burns
Describe laser eye injuries - answerat low levels, lasers can produce temporary
reduction in visual performance.
at high levels, lasers can produce long-term visual loss and blindness
How do you protect against laser eye injuries? - answerwear eye pro and take cover
(passive)
scan battlefield with one eye, minimize use of binoculars on the battlefield, use built in
or clip on filters, use battlefield smoke screens
Risk of laser injuries increases with use of NVGs
What is the antibiotic of choice for penetrating eye injuries? - answerMoxifloxacin
(avelox) from the combat pill pack
Always give abx with penetrating trauma to the eye
Describe how to irrigate an eye - answerIrrigate with sterile water, NS or LR.
Put injured eye closest to the ground so the solution doesn't wash from the damaged
eye to the undamaged eye
Irrigate chemical burns for at least 20 minutes, as long as supplies allow or until an MTF
is reached
When should you apply a fox eye shield? - answerwhenever an eye is injured
Do not cover both eyes in combat.
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