Ant 2100 FSU Mehta Introduction to
Archaeology Midterm (Chp 1-6) Exam
Questions and Answers
*In a Grove - Answers --Teaches about perspective/bias
-Teaches about evidence/corroborate different types of evidence
-used as analogy for archaeology
-corroboration - evidence which confirms or supports a statement, theory, or finding;
confirmation.
*What are the anthropology subfields? (Chp 1) - Answers -1. biological/physical
anthropology
2. cultural anthropology/ethnology
3. archaeology
4. linguistic anthropology
5. applied anthropology
*What are the Goals of Anthropology? (Chp 1) - Answers -1. When did humans live in
the past?
2. Where did humans live in the past?
3. How did humans live in the past?
4. Why did changes take place in past human societies?
5. Why are some sites/artifacts preserved and not others? How did a site come to be?
6. Preserve the past for the future.
*1. Classical Archaeology (Chp 1) - Answers --Greek
-Roman
-Mediterranean World
-Western Asia
-Egypt
-Europe
*2. Prehistoric Archaeology (Chp 1) - Answers -Typically cultures that did not have
written records - The New World and Old World (Paleolithic to the Bronze Age)
*3. Historical Archaeology (Chp 1) - Answers -Study of cultures that have written record
, Contact Period Archaeology (Chp 1) - Answers --in some places the period when
Europeans were arriving and impacting/interacting with native peoples
-time of European contact until Revolutionary War (ca. 1492-1775)
Maya Ritual in Xibalba (Chp 1) - Answers --Hunahpu and Xbalanque, Hero twins from
The PopulVuh
-Caves as portals to the Underworld - Xibalba
-Ehecatl (Chaac), the rain god, also lived in Xibalba, and tributes to the rain god brought
rain.
-In times of drought, Maya people ventured deeper in search of water.
-Solar alignments, astronomical alignments
Catastrophism - Georges Cuiver (Chp 1) - Answers -The idea that the Earth went
through a series of violent and sudden catastrophic destructions and subsequent
creations with fossils in each layer bounded by these processes
Uniformitarianism - Hutton (Chp 1) - Answers -The same gradual geological processes
we observe today were operating in the past
Principles of Geology published between 1830 and 1833 - Lyell (Chp 1) - Answers -
Earth incredibly older than the biblical chronology
Charles Darwin (Chp 1) - Answers -Theory of Natural Selection
Three age system (Chp 1) - Answers -1. Stone Age
2. Bronze Age
3. Iron Age
Stone Age (Chp 1) - Answers -1. Paleolithic
2. Neolithic
Biblical Chronology was disproven... (Chp 1) - Answers -...with the establishment of
basic geologic principles, evolutionary theory, and the final blow - human tools found
with extinct animal bones
*Moundville 1000 AD to 1450 AD (Chp 1) - Answers -Mississippian culture site on the
Black Warrior River in Hale County, near the city of Tuscaloosa, Alabama. The site was
the political and ceremonial center of a regionally organized Mississippian culture
chiefdom polity between the 11th and 16th centuries. Encompasses 185 acres (75 ha),
consisting of 29 platform mounds around a rectangular plaza. Most mounds are in pairs
called Platform/conical mounds. Second-largest site in the United States of the classic
Middle Mississippian era, after Cahokia in Illinois. The culture was expressed in villages
and chiefdoms throughout the central Mississippi River Valley, the lower Ohio River
Valley, and most of the Mid-South area, including Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, and
Mississippi as the core of the classic Mississippian culture area.
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