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HIEU 201 Test 4 (LU) questions and answers .
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HIEU 201 Test 4 (LU) questions and answers .
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HIEU 201 Test 4 (LU) questionsand answers 2025-2026
Renaissance Humanism - answer - a return to classical culture
- highlighting the positive qualities of man/humans
- "Ad Fontes" meaning going back to the sources
Fathers of Humanism: - answer Petrarch and Boccaccio, they made a
systematic attempt to discover the classical roots of medieval Italian
rhetoric
Where the Renaissance began: - answer The Italian-City States
Uniqueness of Italy: - answer - economically it was at the crossroads of
commerce and trade
- new emerging social class
- secular politics
Lorenzo Valla - answer he studied languages and noticed the changes in
Latin over time, came up with the concept called "textual criticism"
Machiavelli - answer - wrote "The Prince" which made fundamental
contributions to political theory
- could be known as the first major modern political thinker
- a secularist who believed Christianity or religion was not the foundation
for politics
Impact of the Medici Family: - answer -
-
Erasmus - answer - Christian Humanist whose main concerns were
National languages and National boundaries
, Erasmus's writing called "Enchiridion Militis Christiani - answer - had a
huge impact in 1515 when it included an appeal to educate laymen and
women
- returning to the writing of the Fathers and scripture was essential for
reform in the church
Other beliefs of Erasmus: - answer - the New Testament is called the "law
of Christ"
- He believed that the future vitality of Christianity lies within the laity,
not the clergy
One of Erasmus's greatest achievements: - answer the first PRINTED
version of the Greek New Testament, mainly used as a tool for scholars to
go back to the original sources in 1516
Precursors to the Reformation: - answer John Wycliffe and Jan Hus were
both theologians who attacked vital church practices and doctrines
Start of the Reformation: - answer Began by Martin Luther in 1517!!
Martin Luther - answer chose to preserve the social order, to support the
power of the princes, and to maintain social hierarchy
Luther's writing of 95 Theses: - answer - it was basically propositions that
challenged the notion of selling indulgences not only as a corrupt practice
but also on the theological idea that salvation can be earned through good
works
- used this as a attack on Tetzel who was a friar selling indulgences
Peace of Augsburg in 1555 - answer gave legal recognition to Lutheranism
The Jesuits: - answer - they viewed themselves as the ministers of the
Word
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