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PHLT 313 EXAM 1 (DR. LIN) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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PHLT 313 EXAM 1 (DR. LIN) QUESTIONS WITHCORRECT ANSWERS
Public Health Definition #1 - CORRECT ANSWER-"The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging
life, and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts for the
sanitation of the environment, control of community infections, and education of individuals regarding
hygiene to ensure a standard of living for health maintenance" - Charles-Edward A. Winslow, 1920
Public Health Definition #2 - CORRECT ANSWER-"An organized community effort to address public
health by applying scientific and technical knowledge to promote health." - IOM "Future of Public
Health", 1988
Public Health Professionals - CORRECT ANSWER-- Environmental health scientists
- Biostatistics
- Epidemiologists
- Emergency preparedness personnel
- and more...
Core Public Health Functions - CORRECT ANSWER-- Assessment
- Policy Development
- Assurance
Assessment (Public Health Function) - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Assess and monitor population health
2. Investigate, diagnose, and address health hazards and root causes- Obtaining data that defines the
health of the population overall and specific groups within
Policy Development (Public Health Function) - CORRECT ANSWER-3. Communicate effectively to inform
and educate
4. Strengthen, support, and mobilize communities and partnerships
5. Create, champion, and implement policies, plans, and laws
6. Utilize legal and regulatory actions
PHLT 313 Exam 1 (Dr. Lin) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
,- Developing evidence-based recommendations and other analyses of options to guide implementation
Assurance (Public Health Function) - CORRECT ANSWER-7. Enable equitable access
8. Build a diverse and skilled workforce
9. Improve and innovate through evaluation, research, and quality improvement
10. Build and maintain a strong organizational infrastructure for public health
- Oversight responsibility for ensuring key components of an effective health system
Public Health System - CORRECT ANSWER-- Assesses and promotes health and safety
- Prevents or minimizes the occurrence of diseases and injuries
- Plans, prepares and responds to natural and manmade disasters
- Identifies barriers, and facilitates access to primary and preventive health care, and
- Enforces public health laws and regulations
Public Health Achievements - CORRECT ANSWER-- Immunizations
- Motor-vehicle safety
- Workplace safety
- Control of infectious diseases
- Declines in deaths from heart disease and stroke
- Safer and healthier foods
- Healthier mothers and babies
- Family planning
- Fluoridation of drinking water
- Tobacco as a health hazard
Health Definitions - CORRECT ANSWER-- "The state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" -WHO, 1942
- "A state of well-being and the capability to function in the face of changing circumstances. It is a
positive concept of social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities." -IOM, 1997
PHLT 313 Exam 1 (Dr. Lin) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
, - "Health is a state of physical and mental well-being that facilitates the achievement of individual and
societal goals" -SAEM, 1992
Healthcare System - CORRECT ANSWER-Person interacts with Patients, Healthcare team, and
Community Resource Providers
National Health Expenditures - CORRECT ANSWER-In 2021:
- The US spent $4.3 trillion in health care, about $12,914/person
• 2.7% increase
- National health expenditure accounted for 18.3% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- Health care spending estimated to reach almost $6.2 trillion by 2028
Total national health expenditures, US $ Billions, 1970-2020 - CORRECT ANSWER-Increasing
Per capita out-of-pocket expenditures, 1970-2020 - CORRECT ANSWER-Increasing with a drop in 2020
(likely to pandemic)
Relative contributions to total national health expenditures, 2020 - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Hospitals (31%)
2. Other Health (27%)
3. Physicians & Clinics (20%)
Uninsured rate among the non-elderly population, 2000-2021 - CORRECT ANSWER-Consistent, Decrease,
Consistent
Uninsured rate among non-elderly population, by race, 2004-2021 - CORRECT ANSWER-- Hispanic
population is very high
Uninsured rate, by age, 2021 - CORRECT ANSWER-- High uninsured rate for age 18-34 (usually because
of good health at young age)
- Low uninsured rate at 65+ likely due to availability of medicare system
PHLT 313 Exam 1 (Dr. Lin) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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