Art Therapy BC Exam Questions with
Complete Answers
Harm Reduction - Answer-rejects all or nothing of AA, meets clients at current stage of
recovery, non-judgmental, reduce risk of harm without rejecting client who is currently
using
Edith Kramer - Answer-Art as therapy, healing quality is inherent in creative process,
goal of therapist to establish possibility of sublimation (person)
Florence cane - Answer-Naumberg's sister, art educator
Margaret Naumberg - Answer-Art psychotherapy, dynamically oriented art therapy,
influenced by Jung and Frued (person)
Elinor Ulman - Answer-Founder of American Journal of Art Therapy, developed AT
assessment (UPAP)
Edward Adamson - Answer-Studio approach- little interference or analysis, book- Art as
Healing (person)
Psychoanalytic Approach - Answer-theoretical approach: Frued, Ernst Kris, Heinz
Kohut, defense mechanisms, transference/countertransference
Ernst Kris - Answer-Regression in the service of the ego, Book- Psychoanalytic
Explorations in Art (person)
Heinz Kohut - Answer-Self psychology, empathetic response from therapist heals
clients self, transmuting internalizations and forming a cohesive self (person)
Self psychology - Answer-Views art as a way to relieve pain and tension and build ego
strength (theoretical approach)
Object relations - Answer-Mental representations of self and other. Infant's intrapsychic
experience, the structure of its inner world. Also pre-Oedipal
Object relations people - Answer-DW Winnicott, Margaret Mahler, Melanie Klein
Winnicott - Answer-Pioneersed school of object relations. Transitional space,
transitional object, holding environment, projective scribble (person)
Mahler - Answer-Theory of developmental stages of human attachment: normal autism,
normal symbiosis, hatching, rapproachment, separation/individuation(object constancy)
(person)
, Klein - Answer-Fantasy life of infant- projection and interjection, splitting as a defense
(good mother vs bad mother). Idea then associated with borderline (person)
Psychoanalytic art therapists - Answer-Rubin, Robbins, Schaverisn, Linesch, Levick
Judith Rubin - Answer-Child art therapy, open art assessment, framework for freedom
(balance between structure and looseness) (person)
Arthur Robbins - Answer-(person) Psycho aesthetics- art = psychological make up of a
person
Myra Levick - Answer-Art assessment= LECATA, defense mechanisms are used to
measure emotional development of child (person)
Jungian Approach - Answer-Archetypal symbols- collective unconscious, active
imagination, mandala for healing and self-actualization (theoretical approach)
Humanistic Approach - Answer-Entire person must be considered in treatment. Basic
goal- self-realization and fulfillment. Insists on freedom and responsibility of individual.
(theoretical approach)
Fritz Perls - Answer-Gestalt Therapy - focus on here and now. Worked with dreams.
Role play and empty chair techniques. (person)
Eric Berne - Answer-Transactional analysis, three ego states: parent, adult, child
(person)
Carl rogers - Answer-Client centered approach, empathetic understanding of clients
ideas, positive regard (person)
Abraham Maslow - Answer-Hierarchy of needs, needs must be met before self
actualization. (person)
Hierarchy of needs - Answer-1. Physiological
2. Safety
3. Belonging and love
4. Esteem
5. Knowing and understanding
6. Aesthetic
7. Self-actualization
Humanistic art therapy people - Answer-Janie Rhyne, Bruce Moon, Mala Betensky,
Shaun McNiff, Pat Allen,