/.astrocyte - Answer-glial cell responsible for bringing in nutrients
/.microglia - Answer-glial cell responsible for cleaning up dead cells
/.neurotransmission - Answer-electrical signal through neuron translated chemically to
next cell
/.resting potential - Answer-a neuron at rest is charged at approximately -70mV
/.stimulus (action potential) - Answer-something that causes the current neuron to
depolarize toward the threshold potential
/.depolarization - Answer-when all Na+ channels open if the threshold of excitation is
reached
/.repolarization - Answer-the peak action potential where K+ channels open and begin
to leave the cell, causing the cell to be less positive. The action potential is sent.
/.hyperpolarization - Answer-the refractory period where an action potential cannot fire
because K+ keeps leaving, making the action potential even more negative than normal
/.Kandel's experiment - Answer-used sea slugs and classical conditioning to link the tail
electrocution and touching of the gill, so if the tail was touched, the gill would retract
(shows Hebbian learning)
/.Hebbian learning - Answer-neurons that fire together wire together (if two cells
consistently fire at the same time, then the strength of the connection between them will
grow stronger)
/.CT (computed tomography) - Answer-x-ray used to map tissue density (highly
invasive, low spatial)
/.spatial resolution - Answer-the accuracy with which one can measure where an event
is occurring
/.temporal resolution - Answer-how close in time you can get to when the neurons fire
/.BMI (brain machine interface) - Answer-any system that detects/generates/modifies
neural activity to accomplish a task (neuroprosthetics)
/.single neuron activity - Answer-activity detected by invasive electrodes with high
temporal resolution, mixed long-term results, and moderate spatial resolution
/.aggregate activity - Answer-activity detected by EEG, fMRI, can be non/minimally
invasive, has low temporal resolution but wide spatial coverage and is stable over time
/.multi-electrode arrays - Answer-arrays used to detect single neuron activity that
delivers spike waveforms that can be sorted by computer algorithms to distinguish
different neurons' signals (why one electrode can measure multiple neurons)
/.LFP (local field potential) - Answer-anything electrical potential around the neuron
/.Ryan Neely's research (rats and apple juice) - Answer-experiment with an electrode in
V1 area of rat, if they did what researchers wanted, they got apple juice, showing
instrumental learning
/.Ryan Neely's research (rats and Jaws) - Answer-experiment where some rats were
given Jaws (deactivating basal ganglia neurons) and some weren't, showing that the
basal ganglia is important in helping us learn, but not necessary once something has
been learned
/.test of self control - Answer-goal of experiment where kid is given option to eat
marshmallow now or get two later
/.classical interpretation of marshmallow experiment - Answer-kids who can't practice
self-control is doomed later in life (exaggerated view)
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