Cognitive Science 211 Exam I Questions With New Solutions AGraded
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Course
Cognitive Science 211
Institution
Cognitive Science 211
Cognitive Science 211 Exam I Questions With New Solutions AGraded
What is cognitive science? - Answer-Interdisciplinary science of the mind which includes:
- linguistics
-neuroscience
-philosophy
-psychology
-anthropology
-artificial intelligence
-education
/.Factors that led to the ...
Cognitive Science 211 Exam I Questions
With New Solutions AGraded
What is cognitive science? - Answer-Interdisciplinary science of the mind which
includes:
- linguistics
-neuroscience
-philosophy
-psychology
-anthropology
-artificial intelligence
-education
/.Factors that led to the cognitive revolution - Answer--progress in individual differences
-rejection of behaviorism
-advent of computers (mind is like a computer; can be used to test hypotheses about
reps and processes)
-Chomsky's arguments for internal structure
/.What is Memory? - Answer-Knowledge stored from past experiences
-stores past events and current knowledge
/.Basic encoding definition - Answer-the process of storing info in memory
-how a person encodes something determines whether and when they can retrieve it
/.Basic storage definition - Answer-maintaining info in memory
/.Basic retrieval definition - Answer-the process of getting info back out of memory
/.Chunk - Answer-a meaningful unit of info
this uses fewer slots in STM--this demonstrates the importance of organizing info in
memory
/.Why STM is better called WM - Answer--not passive-used to manipulate and recode
info
-holds and processes info currently being "worked" with
-emphasizes function as well as structure
/.Phonological Loop - Answer--rehearses verbal info
-phonological (auditory processing)
similar to overt speech
-common errors = sound similarity
, /.Recall vs. Recognition - Answer-recall-person must reproduce material studied
-involves search (retreival process) and a decision process based on appropriateness of
retrieved info
recognition-person is shown something and asked if it was in the material studied
-only involves decision process
/.Recall (free vs. cued) - Answer-Free recall-reproduce as much as possible
Cued recall-recall given cue to material
/.Recognition (yes/no vs forced-choice) - Answer-yes/no-was this in the material studied
or not?
forced-choice-which of these was in the studied material?
/.Optimal Encoding - Answer--providing structure on context makes info more likely to
be retrieved later (better for organization) picture context study
-deeper levels of analysis produce stronger and longer lasting memory traces (semantic
involvement) semantic word study
-connection to self
-conceptual integration
-match between type of processing at encoding and task at retrieval-words and
adjectives study & scuba diving study
/.Conceptual Integration - Answer--people form organized structures based on the
material that is taken in
/.Encoding Specificity Principle - Answer--recollection depends on match between
encoding and retrieval
-the more similar, the greater the likelihood of retrieval
/.Episodic memory - Answer-personally experienced events or episodes
/.Semantic memory - Answer-general knowledge based
unsure of specific event in which knowledge was acquired
schemas, scripts, mental models
/.Schema - Answer-generic knowledge structure that describes typical events or
situations
used to:
-recognize and classify situations
-guide behavior
-predict what happens next
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