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Test 1 Patho Maryville Nurs 611 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Test 1 Patho Maryville Nurs 611 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Test 1: Patho Maryville Nurs 611Questions And Answers Latest
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Apoptosis Answer: programmed death such as inflammation
Necrosis Answer: cellular injury such as MI, hypoxia
Atrophy Answer: physiologic atrophy of the thymus gland in childhood
Hypertrophy Answer: increase in cell size
Physiologic hypertrophy would be increase in myocardial cell size r/t endurance
training
Pathologic hypertrophy would be secondary to disease such as HTN
Hyperplasia Answer: increase in number of cells
Compensatory hyperplasia would be the regeneration of liver cells when 70% of
liver is removed
Pathologic hyperplasia would be seen in the endometrium
Metaplasia Answer: Replacement of different cells (think metamorphosis)
Ex: normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial lining have been
replaced by stratified squamous epithelial cells
Dysplasia Answer: Not a form of cellular adaptation
, ATP Answer: Adenosine Triphosphate is energy that needs oxygen. aerobic
metabolism
What happens when there is a reduction in ATP? Answer: There is a failure of
the Na+ K+ pump and the Na+ Calcium exchange. This ultimately leads to an
intracellular accumulation of Na+ and Calcium and diffusion of K+ out of the cell.
When K+ leaves the cell, more Na+ and water go into the cell which causes
swelling
What happens when oxygen reserves are depleted? Answer: anaerobic
metabolism (glycolysis)
Free radical Answer: An electrically uncharged atom(s) that has an unpaired
electron. Having one electron that is unpaired makes the atom unstable so the
atom either has to take an electron from another molecule or give one away
What is a consequence of leakage of lysosomes during chemical injury? Answer:
Ethanol Answer: Liver enzymes metabolize ethanol to acetaldehyde which
causes hepatic cellular dysfunction. Peroxisomes help to detoxify ethanol.
Without peroxisomes the ethanol is turned into fat in the liver (fatty liver)
Muscular Atrophy Answer: aka Sarcopenia
Stiffness or rigidity of systems
Peripheral vascular resistance increases
Decreased production of HCL and delayed emptying of stomach
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