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Maryville NURS 611 Exam 4 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Maryville NURS 611 Exam 4 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Maryville NURS 611 Exam 4Questions And Answers Latest
Update
How much of the cardiac output do the kidneys require? Answer: 20-25%
What causes the umbilical referred pain with kidney stones? Answer: sensory
innervation of the upper part of the ureter arising from the 10th thoracic nerve
root.
What are the clinical manifestations of a UTI in older adults? Answer:
confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort (symptoms are vague).
What is pyelonephritis? Answer: it is an infection of one or both upper
urinary tracts(ureter, renal pelvis, and kidney interstitium).
What are the underlying risk factors for the development of pyelonephritis?
Answer: urinary obstruction and reflux of urine from the bladder
(vesicoureteral reflux).
What microorganisms are associated with acute pyelonephritis? Answer: e.
coli, proteus, or pseudomonas.
What do the microorganisms that cause pyelonephritis do to increase the risk of
stone formation? Answer: the microorganisms split urea into ammonia,
making alkaline urine that increases the risk.
, Define painful bladder syndrome (interstitial cystitis). Answer: it is a condition
that includes nonbacterial infectious cystitis and noninfectious cystitis.
It is possible that noninfectious cystitis is caused by an autoimmune response.
What happens during an autoimmune reaction? Answer: it may be
responsible for inflammatory response, which includes mast cell activation,
altered epithelial permeability, neuroinflammation, and increased sensory nerve
stimulation.
How is a diagnosis of IC differentiated from a diagnosis of pyelonephritis?
Answer: urine culture, urinalysis, and clinical signs and symptoms. White
blood cell casts indicate pyelonephritis, but they are not always present in the
urine.
What lab values point to a reduced GFR? Answer: elevated plasma urea,
creatinine concentration, or reduced renal creatinine clearance.
What is acute glomerulonephritis? Answer: it is a term that includes renal
diseases that cause glomerular inflammation through immune mechanisms.
What happens to the GFR during an inflammatory response? Answer: the
glomerular capillary filtration membrane including the endothelium, basement
membrane, and epithelium (podocytes) are damaged by inflammation causing
immune mechanisms.
What are the classic symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis? Answer: sudden
onset of hematuria including red blood cell casts and proteinuria (milder than
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