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CogSci 200 Final, FINAL EXAM (COGSCI 200) Questions and Answers $12.49   Add to cart

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CogSci 200 Final, FINAL EXAM (COGSCI 200) Questions and Answers

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  • Course
  • Cognitive Science
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  • Cognitive Science

CogSci 200 Final, FINAL EXAM (COGSCI 200) Questions and Answers

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  • November 8, 2024
  • 21
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Cognitive Science
  • Cognitive Science
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millyphilip
CogSci 200 Final, FINAL EXAM (COGSCI
200) Questions and Answers

consequentialist view of rationality - Answers -performing actions that achieve the best
outcomes (that maximize utility).

functional level - Answers -problem the capacity is supposed to solve

algorithmic level - Answers -procedures that enable the problem to be solved

physical level - Answers -the neural/chemical substrates in which the procedures are
implemented

representativeness heuristic - Answers -a heuristic in which judgments of probability are
made on the basis assessments of similarity

conjunction fallacy - Answers -example of a square being occupied by "Linda's"
probable jobs and hobbies.

conjunction fallacy and base rate neglect - Answers -representativeness heuristic leads
to __________ and ____________

availability heuristic - Answers -a heuristic in which judgments of frequency or
proportion are made by the ease with which examples come to mind

affect heuristic - Answers -a heuristic in which a host of complex judgments are made
on the basis of quick affecti ve "gut" reactions

framing effect - Answers -the finding that people react to a particular choice in different
ways depending on how it is presented

doctrine of double effect - Answers -It is permissible to cause a foreseen but unintended
harm as a side effect(or "double effect") of bringing about a good end, even though it
would not be permissible to cause such a harm as a means to bringing about the same
good end.

intutition - Answers -this system of heuristics and biases are fast and effortless

reasoning - Answers -this system of heuristics and biases are slow and effortful

,Kahneman's view - Answers -reasoning (system 2) monitoring is very lax. EX: baseball
and bat problem

John Locke - Answers -he believed that none of the mind is modular

Popular view - Answers -the mind has central cognition as well as modules

evolutionary view - Answers -these theorists believe nearly the entire mind is modular

representativeness heuristic example - Answers -Linda the bank teller

availability heuristic example - Answers -words with "N" in the first position versus third
position example

affect heuristic example - Answers -buying stock in Ford without doing a ton of research

framing effects example - Answers -Asian disease example

neuroeconomics - Answers -an emerging field that brings together the mathematical
models drawn from economics and neuroscientific methods that are well-suited for
illuminating brain mechanisms

striatum - Answers -a major component of the basal ganglia. Involved in processing
rewards and punishments and in action control

thalamus - Answers -involved in relaying sensory information from sensory cortices to
other regions

amygdala - Answers -involved in processing emotions, especially fear

striatum - Answers -brain structure that represents the rewardingness of outcomes

ventral tegmental area - Answers -neurons here behave like a prediction error signal, so
they represent the prediction error signal from the TDL algorithm

ventral medial prefrontal cortex - Answers -represents the value function from the Q
learning algorithm

affective gut reactions - Answers -_____ ______ ______ correspond to Q values and
they are represented in ventral medial prefrontal cortex

cocktail party effect - Answers -illustrates the ability to selectively focus on one among
multiple stimuli

overt attention - Answers -refers to where the subject is directing their senses EX:
where they are pointing their pupils

, covert attention - Answers -what we are interested in; it is the set of mental processes
that selectively enhance targeted stimuli

early selection attention theory - Answers -the "gate" closes after the sensory input,
letting only certain inputs be percieved

late selection attention theory - Answers -attention is filtered after the sensory input has
been percieved

dichotic listening task - Answers -a person listens to two different sources of speech in
headphones, then must report what is going on in a channel at a given time

flexible selection attention theory - Answers -attention operates at multiple points along
the processing hierarchy depending on the task and the person's goals

voluntary attention - Answers -top-down voluntary allocation EX: cocktail party effect

stimulus driven attention - Answers -bottom-up automatic allocation EX: visual pop-out
effect

working memory - Answers -allows temporary storage and processing of information
that isn't perceptually present

central executive - Answers -active processing component of working memory.
Add/subtracts items and "manipulates" the contents of working memory

forward digit span - Answers -only requires storage

backward digit span - Answers -requires both storage and processing

phonological loop - Answers -temporary storage of verbal material in an auditory code.
It works like a (limited capacity) tape recorder

articulatory interference effect - Answers -Subjects are auditorially presented with a list
of words. After a delay, they are asked to say the words in order. During the delay, one
group sits quietly. The other group is asked to say some unrelated words.

visuo-spatial sketchpad - Answers -temporary storage of visuo-spatial material

corsi block forward - Answers -only requires storage (VSS0

corsi block backwards - Answers -requires both storage (VSS) and processing (CE)

problem with maximize objective value - Answers -can't handle probabilities

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