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PCAT Pearson Biochemistry Questions and Answers with 100% Complete Solutions | verified &updated 2024

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PCAT Pearson Biochemistry Questions and Answers with 100% Complete Solutions | verified &updated 2024

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PCAT Pearson Biochemistry Questions and
Answers with 100% Complete Solutions |
verified &updated 2024




RNA Structure - ✔✔different from DNA in that it: uses ribose as its sugar,

contains uracil, and is usually single stranded; it can be found in both the nucleus

and cytoplasm of the cell




mRNA - ✔✔messenger RNA; carries the complement of a DNA sequence; it

transports this complement form the nucleus to the ribosomes for protein

,synthesis; made from ribonucleotides complementary to the template strand for

DNA; monocistronic - meaning that one mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide




tRNA - ✔✔transfer RNA; small RNA molecule found in the cytoplasm; assists

the translation of mRNA's nucleotide code into a sequence of amino acids;

helps by bringing the AAs coded for in the mRNA sequence to the ribosomes

during protein synthesis




Anticodon - ✔✔complementary to one of the mRNA codons




aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - ✔✔an active site that binds to both the AA and

its corresponding tRNA, catalyzing their attachment to form an aminoacyl-tRNA

complex




rRNA - ✔✔ribosomal RNA; structural component of ribosomes and is the most

abundant of all RNA; mRNA sequence passes through two subunits of the rRNA

structure and is translated into AA at this time; synthesized in the nucleolus

, Transcription - ✔✔process through which information coded in the base

sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus

through nuclear pores; occurs when the RNA Polymerase binds to the DNA at the

promoter region




Promoter Region - ✔✔a short DNA sequence found upstream from the site

where transcription of a specific RNA is going to take place




Transcription Factors - ✔✔help the RNA polymerase to bind to the DNA

molecule and initiate transcription




pre-mRNA - ✔✔RNA before the extra nucleotides that are not necessary for

the protein are spliced out




Introns - ✔✔extra sequences of RNA not needed for the protein

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