MED SURGE GI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED AND GRADED A+
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Course
Pharmacology
Institution
Pharmacology
MED SURGE GI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED AND GRADED A+ MED SURGE GI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED AND GRADED A+ MED SURGE GI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED AND GRADED A+ MED SURGE GI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED AND GRADED A+
MED SURGE "GI" QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS VERIFIED AND
GRADED A+
1. 1. Which information about an 80-year-old man at the senior center is of most
concern to the nurse?
a.
Decreased appetite b.
Unintended weight loss c.
Difficulty chewing food
d.
Complaints of indigestion: ANS: B
Unintentional weight loss is not a normal finding and may indicate a problem
such as cancer or depression. Poor appetite, difficulty in chewing, and complaints
of indigestion are common in older patients. These will need to be addressed but
are not of as much concern as the weight loss.
2. 2. A 62- year-old man reports chronic constipation. To promote bowel
evacuation, the nurse will suggest that the patient attempt defecation a. in the
mid-afternoon.
b. after eating breakfast.
c. right after getting up in the morning.
d. immediately before the first daily meal.: ANS: B
The gastrocolic reflex is most active after the first daily meal. Arising in the
morning, the anticipation of eating, and physical exercise do not stimulate these
reflexes.
3. 3. When caring for a patient with a history of a total gastrectomy, the nurse
will monitor for a.
,constipation. b.
dehydration. c.
elevated total serum cholesterol. d.
cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency.: ANS: D
The patient with a total gastrectomy does not secrete intrinsic factor, which is
needed for cobalamin (vitamin B12) absorption. Because the stomach absorbs only
small amounts of water and nutrients, the patient is not at higher risk for
dehydration, elevated cholesterol, or constipation.
4. 4. The nurse will plan to monitor a patient with an obstructed common bile
duct for
a. melena.
b.
steatorrhea. c. decreased serum cholesterol levels.
d. increased serum indirect bilirubin levels.: ANS:
B
A common bile duct obstruction will reduce the absorption of fat in the small
intestine, leading to fatty stools. Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is not caused by
common bile duct obstruction. Serum cholesterol levels are increased with biliary
obstruction.
Direct bilirubin level is increased with biliary obstruction.
5. 5. The nurse receives the following information about a 51-year-old woman
who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which information should be
communicated to the health care provider before sending the patient for the
procedure?
a. The patient has a permanent pacemaker to prevent bradycardia.
b. The patient is worried about discomfort during the examination.
c. The patient has had an allergic reaction to shellfish and iodine in the past.
d. The patient refused to drink the ordered polyethylene glycol (GoLYTELY).:
ANS: D
If the patient has had inadequate bowel preparation, the colon cannot be
visualized and the procedure should be rescheduled. Because contrast solution is
not used during colonoscopy, the iodine allergy is not pertinent. A pacemaker is a
contraindication to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but not to colonoscopy.
,The nurse should instruct the patient about the sedation used during the
examination to decrease the patient's anxiety about discomfort.
6. 6. Which statement to the nurse from a patient with jaundice indicates a need
for teaching?
a. I used cough syrup several times a day last week.
b. I take a baby aspirin every day to prevent strokes.
c. I use acetaminophen (Tylenol) every 4 hours for back pain.
d. I need to take an antacid for indigestion several times a week: ANS: C
Chronic use of high doses of acetaminophen can be hepatotoxic and may have
caused the patient's jaundice. The other patient statements require further
assessment by the nurse, but do not indicate a need for patient education.
7. 7. To palpate the liver during a head-to-toe physical assessment, the nurse
a. places one hand on the patients back and presses upward and inward with
the other hand below the patients right costal margin.
b. places one hand on top of the other and uses the upper fingers to apply
pressure and the bottom fingers to feel for the liver edge.
c. presses slowly and firmly over the right costal margin with one hand and
withdraws the fingers quickly after the liver edge is felt.
d. places one hand under the patients lower ribs and presses the left lower
rib cage forward, palpating below the costal margin with the other hand.: ANS:
A The liver is normally not palpable below the costal margin. The nurse needs to
push inward below the right costal margin while lifting the patient's back slightly
with the left hand. The other methods will not allow palpation of the liver.
8. 8. Which finding by the nurse during abdominal auscultation indicates a
need for a focused abdominal assessment? a. Loud gurgles
b. High-pitched gurgles
c. Absent bowel sounds
d. Frequent clicking sounds: ANS: C
Absent bowel sounds are abnormal and require further assessment by the nurse.
The other sounds may be heard normally.
9. 9. After assisting with a needle biopsy of the liver at a patient's bedside,
the nurse should a. put pressure on the biopsy site using a sandbag. b.
elevate the head of the bed to facilitate breathing. c.
, place the patient on the right side with the bed flat. d. check
the patient's postbiopsy coagulation studies.: ANS: C
After a biopsy, the patient lies on the right side with the bed flat to splint the
biopsy site. Coagulation studies are checked before the biopsy. A sandbag does
not exert adequate pressure to splint the site.
10. 10. A 42-year-old woman is admitted to the outpatient testing area for an
ultrasound of the gallbladder. Which information obtained by the nurse
indicates that the ultrasound may need to be rescheduled? a.
The patient took a laxative the previous evening. b.
The patient had a high-fat meal the previous evening. c.
The patient has a permanent gastrostomy tube in place. d.
The patient ate a low-fat bagel 4 hours ago for breakfast.: ANS: D
Food intake can cause the gallbladder to contract and result in a suboptimal
study. The patient should be NPO for 8 to 12 hours before the test. A high-fat
meal the previous evening, laxative use, or a gastrostomy tube will not affect the
results of the study.
11. 11. The nurse is assessing an alert and independent 78-year-old woman for
malnutrition risk. The most appropriate initial question is which of the
following?
a. How do you get to the store to buy your food?
b. Can you tell me the food that you ate yesterday?
c. Do you have any difficulty in preparing or eating food?
d. Are you taking any medications that alter your taste for food?: ANS: B This
question is the most open-ended, and will provide the best overall information
about the patient's daily intake and risk for poor nutrition. The other questions
may be asked, depending on the patient's response to the first question.
12. 12. A 54-year-old man has just arrived in the recovery area after an upper
endoscopy. Which information collected by the nurse is most important to
communicate to the health care provider? a. The patient is very drowsy.
b. The patient reports a sore throat.
c. The oral temperature is 101.6 F.
d. The apical pulse is 104 beats/minute.: ANS: C
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