SCCJA BLOCK 3 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
activezshooter-z-zans--
rziszazsuspectzwhosezactivityziszimmediatelyzcausingzdeathzandzseriouszbodilyzinjury.zThez
activityzisznotzcontainedzandzthereziszimmediatezriskzofzdeathzandzseriouszinjuryztozpotenti
alzvictims,ztargetzrichzenvironment.
whatziszthezdifferencezbetweenzactivezshooterzvs.zhostage/barricadedzsuspect?z-zans--
activezshooterziszazrapidzdeploymentzcallzforzfirstzresponderszoncezonzscenezmustzimmedi
atelyzlocatezandzstopzthezthreat.
hostage/
barricadedzsuspectzinvolveszcontainment,zperimeters,zgatheringzinformationzandzrequesti
ngzappropriatezresources.
Whatzarezwayszofzpreparingzforzanzactivezshooterzsituation?z-zans--
bezawarezofzlessonszlearnedzfromzpreviouszactivezshooterzsituations,zbezawarezofzprezatta
ckzindicators,zpreparezinformationzpacketszonzpotentialzlocationszinzyourzjurisdiction,zwalkz
throughzpotentialzlocations,zmaintainzweapon,zwearzballistics,zbezmentallyzpreparedzforza
nything,
Identifyzandzdemonstratezinitialzdeploymentzproceduresztozincludezen-
routeztaskszandzprocedureszwhenzarrivingzonzscene.z-zans--
stealthzandzSuprisezarezessentialzelementszofzgainingzaztacticalzadvantage.zthezpreservati
onzofzthezlosszofzlifeziszevenzmorezimportant.
inzrouteztasks:zusezlightszandzsirens,zactivezshooterzmayzgivezupzwhenztheyzseezlawzenfor
cement,zobtainzpertinentzinformation,zdeterminezinitialzdeploymentzlocation,zdeterminezet
azofzotherzrespondingzofficers.
Arrivalzonzscene:zpickzazsecurezdeploymentzlocation,zcheckzgear,zorientzyourselfzwithoutzc
omingzunderzfire,zcoordinatezwithzotherzunits,ztellzwhatzyouzseezorzhearzuponzarrivalztozdis
patch.
Identifyzandzdemonstratezone,ztwo,zthreezandzfourzofficerzdeployment,zmovement,zandzse
arching/clearingzandzdiscusszbreachingztechniques.z-zans--
Movement:zmovezquicklyzandzefficientlyztozengagezshooter,zusezcoverzandzconcealmentz
whenzmovingzusezspeedzsurprisezandzshockztozaztacticalzadvantage.
,Numberzofzcontactzofficers:
singlezofficer-
zpreparednesszandzwillingnesszofzthezofficerziszparamount,zsinglezofficerzmayzenterzorzeng
agezazthreatzbutztwozorzmorezarezpreferred.
twozofficerzcontactzandzcover-zFirstzofficerz(contact/
point)zdeterminezdirectionzandzspeedzofzmovement;zsecondzofficerz(cover)zsupportszthezc
ontactzofficer,zpickszupzanglesznotzcoveredzbyzfirstzofficer,ziszresponsiblezforzradiozcommu
nicationzandzrearzsecurity
threezofficerzpoint,zpointzcover,zrearzguard-zContact/
Pointzdetermineszdirectionzandzspeed,zpointzcoverzpickszupzuncoveredzangles,zandzrearzg
uardzdefendszgroupzfromzrearzorzpickszupzadditionalzangleszaszappropriate.zRearzguardzis
zalsozresponsiblezforzradiozcommunications.
fourzorzfivezofficers-
zdiamondzformationziszpreferredzforzlargezhallwayszorzbuildings,zwithzpoint,zleftzandzrightzc
over,zcenterzandzrearzguard.zPointzdetermineszdirectionzandzspeed,zcoverzofficerszpickzup
zuncoveredzangles,zrearzguardzdefendszgroupzfromzrearzorzpickszupzadditionalzangleszasz
appropriate.zRearzguardziszalsozresponsiblezforzradiozcommunications.zCenterzactszaszthe
zbrainzofzthezdiamondzandzisznormallyzthezpersonzwithzthezmostzknowledgezofzthezlocation,
zsuchzaszazSchoolzResourcezOfficer.
clearing:zareaszofzdomination,znoisezdiscipline,zlightzdisciplinezandzavailability,zdowned/
injuredzsuspectszmustzbezbypassedzuntilzthreatziszhandled,zlockedzroomszshouldzbezbypa
ssedzunlesszthereziszreasonztozbelievezsuspectziszinsidezandzcommunicate.
Breaching:zazinwardzopeningzdoorzcanzbezbreachedzwithzazram,zoutwardzopeningzdoorsz
mayzbezpriedzopenzwithingzbreachingztool.
whatzarezthezproperztacticszandztechniqueszwhenzcomingzintozcontactzwithzazsuspect?z-
zans--
firstzpriorityzisztozlocatezandzstopzthezthreat,zsafezandzeffectivezshootingzskillszwithzmaximu
mzfirepowerzandztacticalzshotzplacement.
expectzthezunsuspected,zusezwhatziszreasonableztozstopzthezthreat,zremainzinzazpositionzo
fzcover,zgivezclearzandzconcisezcommands,zaidzwounded,zscenezpreservation.
whatziszthezsurvivalzmind-set?z-zans--
bezaggressivezandzdecisivezinzactions,zbezpreparedztozbezfiredzAponzandzcontinuezfighting
,zdoznozbecomezparalyzedzandzoverzthink,zbezflexible.
whatzarezimprovisedzexplosivezdevicezprocedures?z-zans--
mostzcommonzIED'szarezpipezbombs,zassesszthezsituation,zcommunicatezthezinformationz
withzdispatch,zputtzdistancezbetweenzyourselfzandzthezIED,zIEDSzmustznotzstopzorzdelayzfi
ndingzandzstoppingzthezshooter.
barricadedzsuspect-z-zans--
iszazsuspectzwhoziszinzazpositionzofztacticalzadvantage,zusuallyzbarricadedzinzazroom,zbuild
ingzorzvehicle,zwhoziszarmedzwithzazweapon.zThezsuspectzmayzorzmayznotzbezholdingzhost
ageszandztherezisznozindicationzthatzthezsubject'szactivityziszimmediatelyzcausingzdeathzorz
seriouszbodilyzinjury.
, traditionalzdeployment-z-zans--
Aztacticalzconceptzwherezlawzenforcementzofficerszmaintainzazsecurezperimeterzaroundza
nzarmedzsuspectzandzwaitzforzspeciallyztrainedzunitsz(SWAT,zERT,zESU)ztozarrivezonzscen
ezandzintervene.
rapidzdeployment-z-zans--
Thezswiftzandzimmediatezdeploymentzofzlawzenforcementzpersonnelztozon-going,zlife-
threateningzsituationszwherezdelayedzdeploymentzandzengagementzcouldzotherwisezresul
tzinzdeathzorzgreatzbodilyzinjuryztozinnocentzpersons.
timelinezofzviolence-z-zans--
Thezperiodzofztimezfromzthezsuspect'szfirstzviolentzactionzuntilzthezactionziszstoppedzorzthez
suspectztransitionsztozanotherzactivity.
incidentztransition-z-zans--Thatzpointzinzthezincidentzwherezthez"activezshooter"zstopszhis/
herzviolentzactionszandztriesztozescapezorzbarricadeszhimself/herself.
whatziszthez#1zobjectivezinzrespondingztozanzactivezshooter?z-zans--
locate,zisolate,zandzcontrol
traditionalzvs.znontraditionalzresponse-z-zans--
Traditionalzresponseszinvolvezestablishingzperimeterzandzwaitingzonzspecializedzteamsz(i.
e.,zSWAT)ztozarrivezonzscenezorzwaitingzforzadditionalzunitsztozarriveztozestablishzazrespon
sezteam.z(b)zNon-
traditionalzresponseszdictatezthatzofficerszenterzthezstructurezuponzarrivalztozthezincident,z
whetherzaszazsinglezOfficerzorzmulti-unitzcapacity.
Listzthezcharacteristicszofzculture.z-zans--
learnedzcultureziszlearnedznotzinherited,zgiveszazrangezofzacceptablezbehaviorszculturezdic
tateszwhatziszacceptablezandzunacceptable,zsubjectztozchangezalwayszchanging,zcannotzr
emainzinzisolationznozcultureziszcompletelyzisolated.
2.zExplainzthezdifferenceszbetweenzprejudice,zintolerance,zandzstereotypeszandzrecogniz
ezexampleszofzeach.z-zans--
prejudiceziszdefinedzaszanzinjuryzorzdamagezresultingzfromzsomezjudgementzorzactionzofza
notherzinzdisregardzofzone'szrightszbasedzonzjudgement,zopinion,zhostility.z
TypeszofzPrejudicez(1)zPersonalzprejudicezoccurszwhenzmemberszofzanotherzracial/
ethniczgroupzarezseenzaszthreatsztozone'szownzpersonalzinterests,zsuchzaszwhatzmayzhap
penzwhenzmemberszofzanotherzgroupzmayzbezviewedzaszcompetitorszforzjobszorzpromotio
ns.
Groupzprejudicezoccurszwhenzazpersonzconformsztozgroupznormszbecausezitzappearszthat
ziszwhatziszexpected.
intolerancezmayznotzbezazpreplannedzorzpreconceivedznotion.zInstead,zitziszlikelyztozresultz
fromzcarefulzconsiderationzandzstudy,zandzfromzazfullzunderstandingzofzazgivenzsituation.zi