TNCC FINAL EXAM 2024-2025|BRAND NEW
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS,
ALL GRADED A+|GUARANTEED
SUCCESS|LATEST UPDATE
What is the best measure of the adequacy of cellular perfusion and helps predict the
outcome of resuscitation? - ANSWER-✔Base deficit used in conjunction with serum
lactate
Will hypocapnia cause vasoconstriction or vasodilation, especially in the cerebral
vasculature? - ANSWER-✔Vasoconstriction
What results from tissue hypo perfusion and oxygen deficit? - ANSWER-✔Metabolic
acidosis
What type of shock results in generalized vasodilation? - ANSWER-✔Neurogenic
shock
Spinal cord injuries at C3-C5 causes loss of what nerves function, resulting in what? -
ANSWER-✔Phrenic nerve; paralyzed diaphragm and inability to breath
Extremity elevation AT the level of the heart is beneficial for what type of injury? -
ANSWER-✔Compartment Syndrome
What is a high risk of frostbite? - ANSWER-✔Thrombus formation
What two medications can be administered to maintain perfusion after a frostbite
injury along with rewarming? - ANSWER-✔Tissue plasminogen activator or non
steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDS)
An rise in diastolic blood pressures is a sign of increasing what? - ANSWER-
✔Peripheral resistance
What position will benefit the airway and work of breathing for the bariatric patient?
- ANSWER-✔Reverse Trendelenburg
Which phase of a blast results from flying debris, projectiles, and bomb fragments
causing lacerations or penetrating injuries? - ANSWER-✔Secondary Phase
,What phase of a blast results from any explosion-related illness or injury including
hyperglycemia, hypertension, angina, asthma, COPD, or sepsis? - ANSWER-
✔Quaternary Phase
What phase of a blast results from individuals being thrown by the blast and
impacting walls, ground, or any hard object? - ANSWER-✔Tertiary Phase
What phase of a blast results from impact of the over and under pressurization
wave with body surfaces. Injuries include blast lung, tympanic membrane rupture,
abdominal hemorrhage, globe rupture, and mild traumatic brain injury? - ANSWER-
✔Primary Phase
Signs of what include muscle pain or weakness, dark red or brown urine, general
weakness or malaise, and elevated creatinine kinase levels? - ANSWER-
✔Rhabdomyolosis
Signs of what include anxiety, pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, hypoxemia, hemoptysis,
cough, orthopnea, adventitious lung sounds, decreased lung sounds, jugular vein
distention, or hypotension? - ANSWER-✔Pulmonary Embolus
Signs of what include headache, nausea and vomiting, amnesia, behavioral changes,
altered level of consciousness? - ANSWER-✔Increased intracranial pressure
Signs of what include asymmetric pupillary reactivity, unilateral dilation, widening
pulse pressure, abnormal motor posturing, bradycardia, and decreased respiratory
effort? - ANSWER-✔Late signs of increased ICP with Herniation Syndrome
What is caused by the tear of the bridging veins or middle meningeal artery? -
ANSWER-✔Subdural and Epidural Hematoma
Affect concentration, memory, sleep, mode, and libido. Causes headaches, dizziness
and nausea. - ANSWER-✔Postconcussive Syndrome/ Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Signs and symptoms similar to early signs of increased ICP but do not worsen. -
ANSWER-✔Postconcussive Syndrome/ Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure = ______-______ - ANSWER-✔MAP - ICP
What is the range for CO2 to maximize perfusion? - ANSWER-✔35-45
Does hypoventilation cause dilation or constriction? Increase or decrease ICP? -
ANSWER-✔Dilation and increase in ICP due to high CO2
Hyperventilation cause dilation or constriction? - ANSWER-✔Constriction d/t low
CO2
, Pupils with pressure on cranial nerve - ANSWER-✔Fixed and dilated
Pupils with opiates vs stimulants - ANSWER-✔small; large
Pupils with anticholinergics such as atropine, ipratropium, and scopolamine -
ANSWER-✔large
Sluggish reaction of pupils is an early sign of what? - ANSWER-✔Increasing ICP
Glasgow Coma Score with Mild, Moderate, and Severe TBI - ANSWER-✔Mild = 13-
15
Moderate = 9-12
Severe = 3-8
Goal value for ICP - ANSWER-✔<15
Goal value for Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - ANSWER-✔>60
Le Fort Fracture - ANSWER-✔Fracture of the maxilla
What decrease ICP by decreasing cellular edema? - ANSWER-✔Osmotic diuretics
(such as 3% saline and mannitol)
Becks Triad is a sign of what? And includes what three symptoms? - ANSWER-
✔Cardiac Tamponade;
1. Hypotension
2. JVD
3. Muffled heart sounds
What is pulsus paradoxus? And what is it a sign of? - ANSWER-✔Drop in blood
pressure with inspiration, sign of cardiac tamponade
Tachycarida, weak pulses, hypotension, cool periphery, delayed cap refill, anxiety
and agitation are signs of what type of shock? Seen with what? - ANSWER-
✔Obstructive Shock; Cardiac Tamponade
Persistent blood loss following chest tube insertion is a sign of what? - ANSWER-
✔Hemothorax
Ipsilateral diminished breath sounds and chest movement is a sign of what? -
ANSWER-✔Hemothorax
Tearing chest/back pain, unequal blood pressure and pulses are a sign of what?
Caused by a high mechanism of injury. - ANSWER-✔Thoracic Aortic Disruption
Dysrhythmia, ischemic changes, and persistent unexplained tachycardia are signs of
what? - ANSWER-✔Myocardial contusion from Blunt Cardiac Injury
