HTHSCI 1RR3 TEST 2 (Units 4,5,6) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
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HTHSCI 1RR3 TEST 2 (Units 4,5,6) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIEDHTHSCI 1RR3 TEST 2 (Units 4,5,6) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIEDHTHSCI 1RR3 TEST 2 (Units 4,5,6) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% VERIFIEDOccupation is a type of which social determinants of health? - ANSWER-STRUCTURAL social determi...
HTHSCI 1RR3 TEST 2 (Units 4,5,6)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
VERIFIED
Occupation is a type of which social determinants of health? - ANSWER-STRUCTURAL
social determinants of health inequities, specifically under socioeconomic position
In general, unemployment and job insecurity lead to: - ANSWER-Poor health outcomes,
both physically and mentally.
Employment protection in Canada: - ANSWER-Organization for Economic Co-operation
and Development (OECD)
Purpose of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): -
ANSWER-Sets standards for responsible business conduct across a range of issues
such as human rights, labour rights, and the environment.
What is Canada's rank in the employment protection index which protects employment
and provides benefits to temporary workers? - ANSWER-Canada ranks poorly - 35th
out of 36th.
Why are working conditions important SDoH? - ANSWER-- Great amount of time spent
in workplace
- People already vulnerable are most likely to experience health threatening working
conditions
Key work dimensions shaping health outcomes - ANSWER-job strain, effort-reward
imbalance, organizational justice, work hours, status inconsistency, precarious work
Job strain - ANSWER-exists when people's autonomy over their work and their ability to
use their skills are low, while the psychological demands placed upon them are high
effort-reward imbalance - ANSWER-- When efforts are perceived to be higher than
rewards, this leads to emotional distress.
- It underlines the health importance of rewards (monetary, esteem, respect) being in
line with the demands (pressure and responsibility at work).
Organizational justice - ANSWER-reflects the extent to which people perceive that their
supervisor considers their viewpoints, shares information concerning decision making,
and treats individuals fairly.
,Work hours - ANSWER-The number of hours usually worked. Too many (burnout) and
too few hours (income insecurity) are both related to health problems.
Status inconsistency - ANSWER-aka "goal-striving stress." When an individual's level of
education is higher than the skills he/she requires for the occupation.
Precarious work - ANSWER-Employment that is uncertain, unstable, and insecure
across various dimensions of work.
It is also associated with social and economic vulnerability.
Employment rate - ANSWER-The number of people employed divided by the total
labour force expressed as a percentage
Where does the word "precariat" come from? - ANSWER-- PRECArious (insecure)
- proletaRIAT (working-class)
Job vs income security - ANSWER-- Job security: enables economic and social
inclusion
- Income security: enables economic inclusion only
Key points from TED Talk - Guy Standing: What is the precariat: - ANSWER--
Individuals who work precarious jobs
- Unstable labour and living conditions
- Full-time labour hours
- Individuals rely on wages - no sick pays, vacation pays, or pension
Trends of precious work in professions: - ANSWER-- more than 1 in 5 Canadian
professionals have precious jobs (2018).
- Healthcare professionals have high incidence of precarious jobs due to unit closures
(moving from one workplace to another)
- Workers at Toronto Public Library also have high incidence of precarious jobs due to
unpredictable work schedules (from the TED Talk)
Why is precarious work higher in the OLDER population than younger population? -
ANSWER-"It could be that the labour market is squeezing older professionals out of
secure jobs, but more research is required to understand the nature of the age
differential."
Why is precarious work higher for professionals with less than five years of experience?
- ANSWER-Research suggests that experience pays off. Low experience = high
incidence of precarious employment, and vice versa.
, Trends of the labour market today: - ANSWER-- Careers related to developing projects
(such as project management, consultant, coordinator)
- Individuals work in several jobs over the course of a lifetime
- More "boundaryless" careers as opposed to "vertical ladder" careers
Boundaryless career - ANSWER-- often represents tech/knowledge economy: mobile
work, networks and virtual communities of practice
- more "flexibility" in jobs and self-employment
- false sense of self-employment
- precarious work
- new classifications of employment statuses (casual, contract, temporary, part-time,
etc.)
- "gig" economy
Traditional career - ANSWER-Represents industrial work - one stop shop, first job/last
job, climbing the vertical ladder
What is Canada's unemployment rate? - ANSWER-Remained unchanged at 5.7 % in
August 2019
Unemployment rate - ANSWER-the percentage of the labor force (15-64 y.o.) actively
looking for a job
Kimberle Crenshaw - intersectionality - ANSWER-Describes how the socioeconomic
position of a person (such as class, gender, race) intersect and overlap with another,
creating systems of discrimination or disadvantage.
Why is there a pay gap? - ANSWER--racialized workers are more willing to work but
have a harder time finding jobs
-jobs found are more likely to be part time, low wage, insecure
Pay gap - ANSWER-Racialized workers earn less than non-racialized workers
Gender-based employment inequity - ANSWER-non-racialized women earn less than
non-radicalized men
Race-based employment inequity - ANSWER-racialized men/women earn less than
non-racialized men/women
Gender based + race based inequity (intersectionality) - ANSWER-Racialized women
earn less than non-racialized men
Impacts of Covid-19 to employment - ANSWER-- Indigenous and racialized households
are more severely impacted
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