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MN553 Pharmacology Unit 2 Quiz

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  • MN553 Pharmacology Unit 2

MN553 Pharmacology Unit 2 Quiz

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  • November 7, 2024
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  • MN553 Pharmacology Unit 2
  • MN553 Pharmacology Unit 2
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Nursephil2023
MN553 Pharmacology Unit 2 Quiz
What properties affect the distribution of drugs - -drug size, charge,
chemical structure, pH, molecular size, lipid or water solubility

- first pass metabolism - -metabolism by the liver following oral
administration

- Phase 1 reactions - -Oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis or non-synthetic
reactions that prepare the drug for further metabolism - to make the drug
more water soluble

- Phase II reactions - -synthetic or conjugation reactions, something is
added to drug to make it more water soluble and more easily excreted by
the kidneys

- CYP P450 - -Liver *enzyme* that detoxifies substances,
Makes them easier to be excreted.

- single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) - -minor mutations that can result in
metabolic activity changes, including increased and decreased drug
responses

- primary organ of excretion for drugs - -kidney

- blood flow differences in infants - -increased blood flow to muscles 1-6 mo
EXCEPT during illness, can cause slower or rapid perfusion

- Pediatric GI function - -pH increases gradually- reaches adult levels @ 20-
30 months preemies are even slower

- Diarrhea and kids - -kids with diarrhea have poor absorption of oral drugs

- Pediatric skin absorption - -Kids have thinner stratum corneum so topical
medications are absorbed more readily: increased risk of toxicity

- Infants and Lipid Soluble drugs - -decreased volume distribution, less
plasma proteins for binding, require higher doses of hydrophilic drugs

- CYP1A2 (phase 1 enzyme) pediatric - -reaches adult level by 4 mo and
then higher than adult levels through childhood then declines

- CYP2D2 (Phase 1 enzyme) pediatric - -absent or 5% active at birth reaches
adult levels by 3-5 yrs but has significant genetic variability

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