Exam (elaborations)
MN553 Unit 5
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Exam of 13 pages for the course MN553 Unit 5 at MN553 Unit 5 (MN553 Unit 5)
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MN553 Unit 5Examples of biguonides - -Metformin
Fortamet
Glucophage
- Biguanides MOA - -Activates AMP-kinase to hepatic glucose production
- Buganides advantages - -Weight neutral
No hypoglycemia
Modest decline in LDL
- SE of biguanides - -Nausea
Diarrhea
Cramps
Rarely harmful buildup of lactic acid (lactic acidosis)
- Examples of sulfonylureas - -Glipizide (Gluctrol)
Clmepride (Amaryl)
Glyburide
Glipazide
- Sulfonylureas MOA - -Closes KATP channels on beta cell plasma
membranes
Insulin secretion
- Examples of rapid acting insulin - -Lispro (Humalog)
Aspart (Novolog)
Glulisine (Apidra)
- Rapid acting insulin onset - -About 5 minutes
, - Rapid acting insulin peak - -About 1 hour
- Rapid acting insulin duration - -4-5 hours
- Examples of short acting insulin - -"Regular" (Humalin)
- When is Humalin sometimes used - -Around meal time
- When ins Humalin taken - -About 30-45 minutes before eating
- When does Humalin peak - -3-4 hours
- Humalin duration - -4-10 hours
- Characteristics of inermediate acting insulin - -Normal pressure
hydrocephalus mixed with protamine
Delaying absorption
Looks cloudy and has to be mixed before it is injected
- Intermediate insulin onset - -30 minutes to 1 hour
- Intermediate insulin peak - -4-10 hours
- Intermediate insulin duration - -12-24 hours
- Examples of long acting insulin - -Glargine (Lantus)
Detemir (Levemir)
Degludec (Tresiba)
- Long acting insulin onset - -2-4 hours
- Long acting insulin duration - -24 hours with little to no peak
- Sulfonylureas advantages - -Microvascular risk
- Sulfonylureas SE - -Hypoglycemia
Weight gain
Nausea
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