4. Prometaphase - ANSWER Centrosome becomes more defined and spindle
fibres attach to centromeres
5. Metaphase - ANSWER Chromatids line up along equatorial plate of the
cell
6. Anaphase - ANSWER Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite
ends of cell
,7. Telophase - ANSWER Centrosome and spindle fibres disassemble, nuclear
membrane and nucleolus reform, chromosomes uncoil.
8. Cytokinesis - ANSWER Not part of mitosis - cell membrane pinches into
two identical daughter cells
9. Number of chromosomes in human - ANSWER 46
10. Number chromosomes in each gamete - ANSWER 23
11. Female chromosomes - ANSWER X and X
12. Male chromosomes - ANSWER X and Y
13. All chromosome other than sex chromosomes - ANSWER Autosomes
14. Meiosis - ANSWER Process of reducing chromosome set from diploid to
haploid and producing gametes
15. Character - ANSWER Heritable feature
16. Trait - ANSWER A possible variant for a characteristic
171 Alleles - ANSWER Alternative versions of genes
,18. Genotype - ANSWER The genetic makeup of alleles (GG)
Phenotype - ANSWER The outward expression of the genotype (green seed)
How do you find out the genotype of a parent with dominant trait present? -
ANSWER Mate the unknown parent with a homozygous recessive parent and
the offspring reveals the genotype.
Mendels first law of segregation - ANSWER Organisms inherits two copies of
genes, one from each parent, each allele separates into different gamete during
meiosis.
Mendels second law of independent assortment - ANSWER If genes are
located on separate chromosomes they will be inherited independently of one
another
Autosomal recessive disorders - ANSWER When individuals have TWO
recessive alleles for a trait
Autosomal dominant genetic disorders - ANSWER When an individual has
ATLEAST ONE dominant allele for a trait
Inversion - ANSWER Part of a chromosome flipped/reinserted backwards
Translocation - ANSWER Part of chromosome spliced out and relocated
, Duplication - ANSWER Segment is repeated
Induced mutation - ANSWER Occurs because of exposure to outside factors
(smoke, UV rays etc)
Transposons - ANSWER Segments of DNA that move along or in between the
chromosomes
Transposition - ANSWER Process of moving a gene sequence from one part
of chromosome to another part
Evolution - ANSWER Scientific theory that describes changes in species over
time and shared ancestry
Theory - ANSWER Attempts to explain observations in the world based on
evidence, has been repeatedly tested and accepted
James Hutton - ANSWER Developed theory of gradualism
George's Cuvier - ANSWER Developed theory of catastrophism
Charles lyle - ANSWER Developed Theory of uniformitarianism
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller NURSINGDICTIONARY. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
