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PNCB Prep: Gastrointestinal – Questions With Correct Solutions
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PNCB Prep: Gastrointestinal – Questions With Correct Solutions
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PNCB Prep: Gastrointestinal – Questions With CorrectSolutions
Fecal material that is tarry, black, and foul-smelling is called: Right Ans -
Melena
Melena Right Ans - Refers to blood lost from the upper portion of the GI
system, which is visible in fecal material, resulting in changes in color,
consistency and odor.
Umbilical hernias are often found in infants and premature infants because:
Right Ans - The small intestines herniate into the umbilicus during
embryological development
What is the most accurate measure of childhood adiposity? Right Ans - BMI
percentile
A child is classified as being overweight if his or her BMI is greater than the:
Right Ans - 95th percentile
A 6-month-old infant whose head circumference and height measurements
have been accelerating consistently at the 20th percentiles and weight
measurement has been decelerating and is now at the 3rd percentile can be
characterized as: Right Ans - Failure to thrive
Point tenderness at McBurney's point Right Ans - Tenderness midway
between the right iliac crest and the umbilicus
Normal liver size in a 6-month-old Right Ans - 2cm
Normal liver size in a 3-year-old Right Ans - 4cm
Normal liver size in a 10-year-old Right Ans - 6cm
Normal liver size in an adult Right Ans - 8cm
A child's level of dehydration can be assessed by examining the following
criteria: Right Ans - - moistness of mucous membranes
, - skin turgor
- capillary refill
- level of alertness/irritability
- urinary output and specific gravity
The contour of a toddler's abdomen is usually: Right Ans - Protuberant or
pot-belly-like
When lightly palpating the abdomen of a 14yo, they respond by tensing their
abdominal muscles. This persists, despite distraction and techniques to
reduce sensitivity during abdominal palpation. The technical term for the
patient's response to the provider's palpation is: Right Ans - Guarding
The anal wink examination is done to check: Right Ans - If the superficial
reflexes are intact and evaluation of the intact functioning of the neurological
system from the lowest sacral segments of the spinal cord
One method used to auscultate the liver and approximate its size is the scratch
test. This is performed by: Right Ans - Scratching the skin overlying the
liver and listening with a stethoscope to the loud sounds that change to
quieter sounds when scratching goes beyond the edge of the liver.
Colic: Right Ans - Diagnosed in intants when there are reports of excessive
irritability, fussing or crying bouts of at least 3 hours a day, 3 or more days a
week.
This presents in the first 1 to 3 weeks of life in an abrupt or subtle onset and
may last for up to 3 to 4 months of age.
What is the best method to check for dehydration in a child? Right Ans -
Look for production of tears
What is one of the first signs of moderate dehydration in a child? Right Ans
- Lack of tears
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