Exam (elaborations)
Bio 219 Exam 3 Questions And Answers Latest Update
- Course
- BIO 219
- Institution
- Purdue University
Bio 219 Exam 3 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Bio 219 Exam 3 Questions AndAnswers Latest Update
LECTURE 20 Answer: THE GENETIC CODE
5 features of the genetic code Answer: 1. Gene code for products
2. DNA sequence specifies protein sequence
3. Code is a triplet
4. Code is non-overlapping
5. Code is degenerate
Beadle & Tatum add back experiment: Answer: ONE ENZYME ONE GENE
HYPOTHESIS
-Treated Neurospora (haploid bread mold) with UV rays to induce mutations so
they couldn't survive on minimal media
-Spores lost ability to synthesize certain amino acids/ vitamins... only grew on
complemented media
-Mutants were characterized, each impaired in its ability to synthesize a particular
amino acid or vitamin (single AA's/vitamins added back)
-Found metabolic pre-cursors for mutant strain growth --> each mutation disabled
a single enzyme-catalyzed step in a pathway for making a particular compound
One gene-one enzyme hypothesis: Each gene controls the production of a single
type of enzyme
, Cases where one gene does NOT code for one enzyme Answer: 1. When RNA
is the product (like rRNA) and it's not translated to protein
2. When an RNA undergoes alternative splicing, so one gene can form more than
one protein
3. When an RNA is translated to make a protein that's not an enzyme
Combining mapping and biochemistry showed that gene sequence specifies
protein sequence Answer: -Step 1: Map the location of a mutation by
transduction
-Step 2: Map the location of a protein error by sequencing the protein
-found co-linear relationship
-mutations in DNA far/close= mutations in proteins far/close
Crick and Brenner's experiment with bacteriophage Answer: GENIC CODE IS A
NON-OVERLAPPING TRIPLET:
-treated phages w/chemical that added or deleted single nucleotide
-showed effect with frameshift mutation
-when a gene is mutated once or twice, protein ins non-functional, but when
mutated 3 times, some functional protein can be produced
-with close +/- and +/+/+ and -/-/- mutations, original reading frame is restored
and revert back to WT phenotype (segment b/w mutations only part translated
incorrectly)
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