Definition 1 of 61
Means that students are given opportunities to use precise math language and notation.
Representation (pssm)
Communication (PSSM)
Connections (pssm)
Connections (PSSM)
Term 2 of 61
Revoicing
When you asked students to further discuss a comment that Dave made. "Can you give me
an example of that?" "Have you considered this?"
A project with a problem students research and develop solutions. this is an alternative and
better approach than a worksheet exam. is a good strategy to promote relational
understanding.
Is when a student gives a response and then you repeat the response that the student gave,
sometimes adding a little academic language.
When you asked students to justify what their response is, how did they solve it, why they
did what they did.
Definition 3 of 61
Changes in the environment or considerations put in place with specific students in mind.
Accommodations
Differentiation
Adaptations
Rephrasing
,Term 4 of 61
Instrumental Understanding
Know what to do and why. This is the ultimate goal.
Richard Kemp (1978)
Means that students are evaluating conjectures and analyzing evidence.
Know what to do, but don't know why.
Richard Kemp (1978)
knowledge that is demonstrated when we perform a task; "knowing how"
Refers to how to complete an algorithm or a procedure.
Definition 5 of 61
Students learn best when taking on the role of an apprentice working with a more skilled peer or
expert. Knowledge is presented on a as needed basis as opposed to a predetermined sequence.
Lecture-based Learning (teacher-centered information delivery)
Solo Practice (individual skill development)
, Term 6 of 61
Multiple Exit Points
knowledge that is demonstrated when we perform a task; "knowing how"
Refers to how to complete an algorithm or a procedure.
Various ways to express solutions that reveal a range of mathematical sophistication and
have the potential to generate new questions.
"productive struggle" means that the student is trying to figure out how to make sense of
the new knowledge they are exposed to.
The task can be approached in a variety of ways and has varying degrees of challenge
within it.
Term 7 of 61
True or False
Good discourse means having nice and robust conversations in the classroom.
True
False
Term 8 of 61
Relational Understanding
Refers to connected knowledge: "mental connections among mathematical fax,
procedures, and ideas."
Know what to do and why. This is the ultimate goal.
Richard Kemp (1978)
Means that students are given opportunities to use precise math language and notation.
Know what to do, but don't know why.
Richard Kemp (1978)
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