Exam (elaborations)
INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY: EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
- Course
- Institution
INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY: EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
[Show more]
Content preview
INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICALANTHROPOLOGY: EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
Linneus' Hierarchical Classification (nested hierarchy) - Answer-Kingdom, Phylum,
Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
classification - Answer-grouping into nested hierarchies
started by Linneus
systematics and taxonomy
Biological Species concept - Answer-a group of organisms that interbreed in nature and
are reproductively isolated (gene flow)
Ecological species concept - Answer-even in the presence of gene flow, natural
selection can maintain differences between species
Adaptive Radiation - Answer-when a single species diversifies into a number of species
in order to fill different ecological niches
taxonomy - Answer-Discipline of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a
universally accepted name
systematics - Answer-A scientific discipline focused on classifying organisms and
determining their evolutionary relationships. (apes and humans)
binomial nomenclature - Answer-genus and species
phylogeny - Answer-the nested hierarchies of relationships due to descent from
common ancestors
the pattern of relationships
gradistics - Answer-establishes grades (groups of species that share a close biological
relationship and have a degree of overall similarity)
cladistics - Answer-establishes clades (groups of species that share one last common
ancestor)
homology - Answer-traits that are shared from a common ancestor
analogy (homoplasy) - Answer-traits that look similar but evolved independently (similar
selective pressures from environments)
, primitive characteristics - Answer-present in group only because their common ancestor
inherited the feature from a more distant ancestor (upper limbs, thumbs)
derived characters - Answer-characteristics that appear in recent parts of a lineage
(bipedalism)
Similarities due to convergence are... - Answer-analogous
Similarities due to common decent are... - Answer-homologous
What makes an animal a primate? - Answer-Features of hand and feet:
-Grasping hands
-Opposable big toe (not humans)
-Opposable thumb
-Sensitive finger tips
-Flat nails
homoplasy - Answer-traits that look the same, but evolved independently, and are thus
not inherited from a common ancestor
Primate characteristics - Answer--Highly developed vision
-Eyes move forward in head (binocular vision)
-Depth perception (stereoscopic vision)
Primate reproductive characteristics - Answer--Small litters
-long life span
-long pregnancy
-long juvenile period
-strong mother-infant bond
linnean classification of Homo sapiens - Answer-Kingdom- Animalia
Phylum- Chordata
Class- Mammalia
Order- Primates
Family- Hominoidea
Genus- Homo
Species- sapiens
Strepsirhini (prosimians) - Answer-lemurs, lorises, bushbabies
primitive strepsirrhines traits - Answer--strong olfactory sense (wet nose, longer snouts)
-eyes less forward facing
-smaller brain
-breeding season, litters
-multiple nipples
-dental comb
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller biggdreamer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now