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NREMT – TRAUMA questions with correct answers
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NREMT – TRAUMA questions with correct answers
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NREMT – TRAUMA questions with correct answersDamaged small blood vessels beneath the skin following blunt trauma
causes:
A:mottling.
B:ecchymosis.
C:hematoma.
D:cyanosis. Correct Answer-B;
Reason:
When small blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged, blood seeps
into the soft tissues. This manifests as a bruise, also referred to as
ecchymosis. A hematoma develops when larger blood vessels are
ruptured and the internal bleeding forms a "lump." Cyanosis is a blue or
purple discoloration of the skin and signifies a low content of oxygen in
the blood. Mottling occurs when the skin takes on a blotched, purple
appearance and is a sign of shock (hypoperfusion).
During transport of a patient with a head injury, which of the following
will provide you with the MOST information regarding the patient's
condition?
A:Heart rate
B:Mental status
,C:Pupil size
D:Blood pressure Correct Answer-B;
Reason:
The patient's mental status provides you with the most information
regarding overall perfusion status, especially when monitoring a patient
with a head injury. Frequent neurologic assessments, which includes
assessing the patient's pupils, are critical in determining if the patient's
condition is improving or deteriorating. Vital signs should be monitored
according to the patient's condition, at least every 5 minutes if he or she
is unstable and at least every 15 minutes if he or she is stable.
You are called to a local nightclub for an injured patient. Law
enforcement personnel have secured the scene. Upon arrival, you see a
young man who is lying on the ground screaming in pain; bright red
blood is spurting from an apparent stab wound to his groin area. You
should:
A:control the bleeding.
B:prevent hypothermia.
C:ensure an open airway.
D:apply 100% oxygen. Correct Answer-A; This is correct!
Reason:
,This patient's airway is obviously patent; he is screaming in pain. Blood
spurting from the groin area indicates arterial bleeding from the femoral
artery. If this bleeding is not controlled immediately, the patient will die.
Oxygen and other shock treatment (ie, keeping him warm) should be
initiated after this life-threatening bleeding is controlled. If you take the
time to set up and administer oxygen prior to managing the bleeding, the
patient will die. Base your treatment priorities on what will kill the
patient first.
When assessing and treating a patient with a gunshot wound, you should
routinely:
A:evaluate the pulses proximal to the wound.
B:apply ice directly to the wound.
C:determine why the patient was shot.
D:look for the presence of an exit wound. Correct Answer-D;
Reason:
When assessing a patient who sustained a gunshot wound, you should
routinely look for an exit wound, which may be difficult to find. Exit
wounds can be a source of continued bleeding, both externally and
internally. They may or may not follow the same path as the entrance
wound. This is why it is important to conduct a thorough examination of
, the patient. Ice can be applied to the wound, but only after the wound
has been covered by a sterile dressing. Determining why the patient was
shot is the responsibility of law enforcement, not the EMT. If the wound
is close to an extremity, pulse, motor, and sensory function should be
assessed distal to the wound.
Following blunt trauma to the chest, a 33-year-old male has shallow,
painful breathing. On assessment, you note that an area to the left side of
his chest collapses during inhalation and bulges during exhalation. These
are signs of a/an:
A:isolated rib fracture.
B:flail chest.
C:pulmonary contusion.
D:pneumothorax. Correct Answer-B;
Reason:
If two or more ribs are fractured in two or more places or if the sternum
is fractured along with several ribs, a segment of chest wall may be
detached from the rest of the thoracic cage. This injury is called a flail
chest. In a flail chest, the detached portion of the chest wall moves
opposite of normal. It moves in during inhalation and out during
exhalation (paradoxical motion). Isolated (single) rib fractures are not
associated with paradoxical motion because they are usually only
fractured in one place. In a pneumothorax, the patient's respirations are
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