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PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM Q&A
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PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM Q&A
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PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM Q&ADr. Steinguard wants to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship between stress
and memory. Which of the following research methods should he use? - Answer-the
experimental method
According to ________ psychologists, your brain houses a "mind" whose mental
processes allow you to remember, make decisions, plan, set goals, and be creative. -
Answer-cognitive
________ refers to researchers' assignment of participants to groups by chance, to
reduce the likelihood that an experiment's results will be due to preexisting differences
between groups. - Answer-Random assignment
If a psychologist studies about the behavioral differences between people from different
religions, he or she is most likely following the ________ approach to psychology. -
Answer-sociocultural
Psychologists who adopt a(n) ________ approach examine behavior and mental
processes by focusing on the body, especially the brain and nervous system. - Answer-
biological
Professor Stenson is examining the effects of color on patients' anxiety levels. She
randomly assigns patients to either a room painted white or a room painted black, and
then she records their blood pressure. In this case, the independent variable is the -
Answer-room color.
In an experiment, the ________ is conceptualized as the "potential cause" and the
________ is conceptualized as the "resulting effect." - Answer-independent variable;
dependent variable
In the context of psychological research methods, which of the following refers to a
carefully regulated procedure in which the researcher manipulates one or more
variables that are believed to influence some other variable? - Answer-experiments
Which of the following is the first step in the scientific method? - Answer-observing
some phenomenon in the world
Abe and Carl are psychologists who believe that people have free will and can make
choices based on higher human values. Abe and Carl's views reflect the ________
approach to psychology. - Answer-humanistic
The ________ has developed ethics guidelines for its members, and the ________
evaluates the ethical nature of research conducted at their colleges and universities. -
Answer-American Psychological Association (APA); Institutional Review Board (IRB)
, According to evolutionary psychologists, - Answer-human behavior is traceable to
problems early humans faced in adapting to their environments.
Dr. Okawa is interested in studying the effect that neurological trauma can have on
short-term memory. Firstly, he collects detailed information from a small number of
individuals who have experienced brain damage. Using information provided by medical
records, interviews, and observations, he attempts to create an in-depth portrait of each
individual. What type of research method was used in this study? - Answer-case study
Emma, a psychologist, wants to study the relationship that exists among college girls
who stay in hostels. She disguises herself as a college student and shares a dorm with
some girls for a month. During her stay, she observes their various behaviors and
makes notes when the girls are fast asleep. Which of the following is best exemplified in
this scenario? - Answer-naturalistic observation
During a therapy session, Mrs. Brown's therapist, Donald, asks Mrs. Brown about her
dreams because he believes that they are a key to her unconscious mind. In this
scenario, Donald is most likely using the ________ approach to psychology. - Answer-
psychodynamic
A correlation coefficient is a statistic that tells the - Answer-strength and direction of
association between two variables.
In the context of psychological research methods, which of the following scenarios is an
example of the survey method? - Answer-Dr. Frank asks people how many hours of
television they watch per week.
________ is defined as a special kind of systematic observation, used by correlational
researchers, that involves obtaining measures of the variables of interest in multiple
waves over time. - Answer-A longitudinal design
Which of the following is an advantage of conducting psychological research in a
laboratory? - Answer-A laboratory is a controlled setting with many of the complex
factors of the real world removed.
Which approach to psychology emphasizes unconscious thought? - Answer-
psychodynamic approach
An ________ is a drug that mimics or increases a neurotransmitter's effects, whereas
an ________ is a drug that blocks a neurotransmitter's effects. - Answer-agonist;
antagonist
The chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands are known as - Answer-
hormones
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