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POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY- EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY- EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY- EXAMQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Positive psychology - answer-the scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to
discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to
thrive
-positive functioning
Seligman's buffers against mental illness - answer-courage, optimism, interpersonal
skill, work ethic, hope, honesty and perseverance
Positive psychology seeks a _____________, more ________________ of human
functioning - answer-balanced, more complete view
Balanced focus
1.
2. - answer-1. What is right with people?
-study of assets
2. What is wrong with people?
-study of deficits
Common goal of both camps is to... - answer-understand and help people
-not "us versus them"
Seligman - answer-optimistic explanatory style: accounting for negative events or
situations with external, unstable, and specific explanations.
-used science as backbone of research
-"further knowledge of what makes life worth living"
-president of apa in 1998
Pathology perspective focuses on _________________ - answer-mental illness
-refers to a variety of problems a person might have
Reality negotiation - answer-the ongoing processes by which people arrive at agreed
upon world views or definitions
Social construction - answer-the perspective or definition that is agreed upon by many
people to constitute reality
Origins of positive psychology have focused more on the values and experience of
_________________ - answer-westerners
-since field of psychology is based mostly on western and european perspectives
Enlightenment - answer--being able to see things clearly for what they are
, -eastern view more on natural cycles and balance
Western traditions
1.
2 - answer-1. Athenian
2. Judeo-christian
Athenian - answer--human strength and virtue is focus of plato and aristotle
-focus on political community and the development and maintenance of these virtues
-rise above hedonistic desire and become more virtuous
Judeo-christian - answer--old testament: faith, hope and charity
-ten commandments
-weight on the virtue of wisdom
-7 heavenly virtues- aquinas
-the talmud- be hospitable to the poor, be fair in decision making and seek peace every
day
Eastern traditions
1.
2.
3.
4. - answer-1. Confucianism
2. Taoism
3. Buddhism
4. Hinduism
Confucianism - answer--leadership and education are central to morality
-golden rule: do for other as you wish they would do to you
-five virtues: humanity, treat others well, etiquette, wisdom, truthfulness
Taoism - answer--lao-tzu is founder
-tao is the energy that surrounds everyone and is a power that "envelops, surrounds
and flows through all things"
-cannot learn the "way" from others, you must experience it
-will eventually behave virtuously naturally and without effort
Buddhism - answer--seeking the good in others
-suffering as a part of being
-nirvana is when the self is free from the desire for anything
-virtues are love, compassion, joy, and equanimity
-end of desire is the end of suffering
Hinduism - answer--no specific founder
-interconnectedness of all things, harmonious union
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