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Exam (elaborations)

CNPR, NAPSR Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers

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CNPR, NAPSR Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers...

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  • November 6, 2024
  • 54
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • CNPR, NAPSR
  • CNPR, NAPSR
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CNPR, NAPSR Exam Questions And 100%
Correct Answers


Margin of safety - ANSWER the difference between the usual effective dose and the
dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects



Rights of drug administration - ANSWER right patient, right medication, right does, right
route of administration, and right time of delivery



Injection routes - ANSWER intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous, subcutaneous



intramuscular - ANSWER drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue



Intrathecal - ANSWER needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower spine an into
space around the spinal cord



Intravenous - ANSWER injected directly into the veins



Subcutaneous - ANSWER needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath the skin



Bioavailablility - ANSWER how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its intended
target site of action



Bioequivalent - ANSWER when drugs contain not only the same active ingredients but
also produce virtually the same blood levels over time



Therapeutic equivalence - ANSWER production of the same medicinal effects

,Areas of drug elimination and excretion - ANSWER Lungs, breast milk, sweat tears urine
feces, bile, saliva, and exhaled air



medication error - ANSWER failure to administer drug in the correct form



Powders - ANSWER a medication which is dried and then pulverised into fine particles



pills - ANSWER single dose unit of medication prepared from the powdered medication
mixed with liquid like syrup and then rolled into a round or oval shape



granules - ANSWER small pill, usually accompanied by many others within a gelatin
capsule; quite often releasing medication over a period of time



tablet- The pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the powdered form of a
drug and bulk filling material under high pressure. It is available for anti acids and
antiflatulents.



Capsules- Medication dosage form in which the drug is contained in an external shell.
Can be pulled apart for access to contents



sustained release- Several doses of a drug in special coatings that dissolve at different
rates



Enteric Coating- dosing in special coating that does not digest in the stomach, only
begins to digest in the intestines

caplets- dosing shaped like a capsule but has the form of tablet the shape and file make
swallowing easier

gel caps- dosing an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin capsule

Emulsion- dosing two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or mixed

,ototoxic drugs ANSWER control localized infections or inflammation and require very
low dosages to be effective



Types of drug despensing ANSWER OTC and prescription



Type A (Augmented) drug reaction ANSWER exaggeration of the drug's therapeutic
effects



Type B (idiosyncratic) ANSWER results from mechanisms that are not currently
understood; largely unpredictable



Type C (continuing or chronic) ANSWER These persist for a long time



Type D delayed - ANSWER these take some time to develop



Type E end of use - ANSWER These occur during drug withdrawal



Risk Factors - ANSWER Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast feeding



Excipients - ANSWER inactive ingredients



Parenteral - ANSWER intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous



Rectal - ANSWER suppository



Oral - ANSWER tablet, capsule, liquid



Transdermal - ANSWER through the skin via creams or patches

, Binders - ANSWER cement the active and inert components of tablets



Fillers - ANSWER used to make the drug sufficiently large for easy manufacture and
consumption



Glidants(flow enhancers) - ANSWER added to powdered materials used in pill
production to aid movement through tabletting machinery



suspending/dispersing agents - ANSWER maintain consistent concentration of the
active ingredients throughout the drug product

disintegrants - ANSWER help break up the tablets int the GI tract



Excipients: Lubricants - ANSWER facilitate the release of the tablets from the dies that
stamp them during the manufacturing process



AUC - ANSWER reflects the extent of the drug absorption or the amount of the drug that
appears in the bloodstream following oral administration



Cmax - ANSWER peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve



First pass effect- ANSWER metabolizing process in the liver which depresses the
amount of drug that ultimately reaches the systemic circulation and the site of action



onset of action- ANSWER the time it takes for a medication to begin to have any desired
effect once it has been administered



Protein Binding - ANSWER the capability of some medications to be bound to plasma
protein

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