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BSN 315 Pharm II Week 12 Antivirals Exam Graded A+ 2024
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BSN 315 Pharm II Week 12 Antivirals Exam Graded A+ 2024
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BSN 315 Pharm II Week 12 AntiviralsExam Graded A+ 2024
Abacavir is indicated for HIV infection and prophylactically after occupational HIV
exposure.
abacavir inhibits reverse transcriptase, an enzyme needed by the HIV to replicate itself.
- ANSWER-Efavirenz binds to and later alters reverse transcriptase, an enzyme needed
by the HIV to replicate itself.
Efavirenz is indicated for use with other antiretrovirals to treat HIV-1 virus.
Efavirenz is an NNRTI that should be taken on an empty stomach. However, capsules
may be opened and sprinkled in a small amount of food. No other food should be taken
within 2 hours of administration.
Antiviral and Antiretroviral Therapy
Oseltamivir is approved for the prevention and treatment of influenza in persons 1 year
and older. The drug inhibits viral replication and shortens duration of influenza. It should
be started within 48 hours of influenza symptoms.
Patient Safety
Hydration is important while taking oseltamivir. - ANSWER-Acyclovir is a synthetic
purine nucleoside analog and is the drug of choice to treat infections caused by
members of the herpesvirus family.
Acyclovir inhibits viral DNA synthesis. It also inhibits the activity of HSV-1 HSV-2, and
varicella zoster.
Acyclovir is used to treat encephalitis, herpes genitalis and labialis, herpes zoster,
varicella, and complicated infection with herpes simplex virus.
Case Study
Mr. Zeke, a 32-year-old male patient, is admitted to the hospital with complaints of
redness and itching in the genital area. Upon inspection the nurse notices several small
blisters in the patient's perineum. The health care provider makes a diagnosis of genital
herpes simplex and prescribes acyclovir. Mr. Zeke has a history of a kidney transplant
and is taking immunosuppressant medications. The patient's vital signs are blood
pressure = 110/60 mm Hg, pulse = 72 beats per minute, and temperature = 100.00°F.
Mr. Zeke is sexually active and does not use protection during intercourse. - ANSWER-
Cobicistat is used in conjunction with antiretrovirals to improve the effectiveness of
antiretroviral drugs. - ANSWER-
Maraviroc blocks CCR5 coreceptors on the surface of certain immune cells, preventing
HIV from entering the cell.
Maraviroc is the only approved CCR5 antagonist for the treatment of patients of CCR5-
tropic HIV. Maraviroc is not effective against other strains of HIV. - ANSWER-
Raltegravir blocks HIV integrase, an enzyme needed by HIV to replicate itself.
, Raltegravir was the first HIV integrase strand inhibitor that slows the advancement of
HIV infection.
Question 1 of 18
For which patient would oseltamivir be appropriate in the treatment of influenza?
6-month-old patient who has been sick for 24 hours
12-month-old patient who has been sick for 4 days
6-year-old patient who has been sick for 36 hours
30-year-old patient who has been sick for 7 days - ANSWER-6-year-old patient who has
been sick for 36 hours
Oseltamivir is approved for persons 1 year old and older and should be started within 48
hours of influenza symptoms.
Question 1 of 4
Which preadministration assessment is most important for Mr. Zeke, who is diagnosed
with herpes genitalis?
Vital signs
Hydration
Renal function
Determination of exposure to close acquaintances - ANSWER-Renal function
Mr. Zeke has had a kidney transplant and is taking an immunosuppressant. The nurse
needs to be aware of potential drug-drug interactions. Increase in nephrotoxicity can
occur with other nephrotoxic drugs, such as immunosuppressants. Caution is advised in
administering acyclovir to a patient with renal impairment.
Question 1 of 4
Which statement is accurate with respect to the goal of antiviral treatment for viral
hepatitis B (HBV)?
To reduce or suppress liver inflammation
To kill all HBV
To enhance the patient's immune system
To sequester HBV for elimination - ANSWER-To reduce or suppress liver inflammation
The goal of antiviral treatment is to reduce or suppress liver inflammation, thereby
decreasing the progression to cirrhosis and its complications.
Question 1 of 5
To improve the effectiveness of antiretroviral protease inhibitors (PIs), which drug would
the nurse anticipate administering?
Maraviroc
Efavirenz
Cobicistat
Darunavir - ANSWER-Cobicistat
Cobicistat is a pharmacokinetic enhancer for antiretroviral drugs, such as PIs.
Question 1 of 5
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