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PALS Pharmacology Exam Questions with Verified Solutions Rated A+ Adenosine - Answers • SVT • 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO rapid push (max 6 mg) • 2nd dose 0.2 mg/kg IV/IO rapid push (max 12 mg) Albumin - Answers • Shock, Trauma, Burns • 0.5 to 1 g/kg (10-20 ml/kg of 5% solution) IV/IO rapid infu...

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  • November 6, 2024
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PALS Pharmacology Exam Questions with Verified Solutions Rated A+

Adenosine - Answers • SVT

• 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO rapid push (max 6 mg)

• 2nd dose 0.2 mg/kg IV/IO rapid push (max 12 mg)

Albumin - Answers • Shock, Trauma, Burns

• 0.5 to 1 g/kg (10-20 ml/kg of 5% solution) IV/IO rapid infusion

Albuterol - Answers • Asthma, Anaphylaxis (bronchospasm), Hyperkalemia

• MDI: 4-8 puffs INH q 20 min with spacer (or ET tube if intubated)

• Nebulizer: 2.5 mg/dose (wt ,20kg) or 5 mg/dose (wt >20kg) INH q 20 min PRN

• Continuous nebulizer: 0.5 mg/kg/hr INH (max 20mg/h)

Alprostadil (PGE1) - Answers • Ductal-dependent Congenital Heart Disease (all forms)

• 0.05-0.1 µg/kg/min IV/IO infusion initially, then 0.01-0.05 µg/kg/min IV/IO

Amiodarone - Answers • SVT, VT (with pulses)

• 5 mg/kg IV/IO load over 20-60 min (max 300 mg), repeat to daily max 15 mg/kg (or 2.2 g)

• Pulseless Arrest (VF, PEA, pulseless VT)

• 5 mg/kg IV/IO bolus (max 300mg), repeat to daily max 15 mg/kg (or 2.2 g)

Atropine Sulfate - Answers • Bradycardia (symptomatic)

• 0.02 mg/kg IV/Io (min dose 0.1 mg, max single dose child 0.5 mg, max single dose adolescent 1.0 mg)

• May repeat dose once, max total dose child 1.0 mg, max total dose adolescent 2.0 mg

• 0.04 to 0.06 mg/kg ET

• Toxins/Overdose (eg. Organophosphates, carbamate)

• 0.02-0.05 mg/kg (<12 yrs) or 0.05 mg/kg (>12 yrs) IV/IO initially

• Repeat q 20-30 min until atropine effect is observed (dry mouth, tachycardia, mydriasis) or symptoms
reverse.

Calcium Chloride 10% - Answers • Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia, Hypermagnesium, Calcium Chanel
Blocker Overdose

, • 20 mg/kg (0.2 mL/kg) IV/IO slow push during arrest or if severe hypotension, repeat PRN

Dexamethasone - Answers • Croup

• 0.6 mg/kg PO/IM/IV (max 16 mg)

Dextrose (glucose) - Answers • Hypoglycemia

• 0.5-1 g/kg IV/IO (D25W 2-4 ml/kg; D10W 5-10 ml/kg)

Diphenhydramine - Answers • Anaphylactic Shock

• 1-2 mg/kg IV/IO/IM q 4-6 hr (max 50 mg)

Dobutamine - Answers • Congestive Heart Failure, Cardiogenic Shock

• 2-20 µg/kg/min IV/IO infusion.

• Titrate to desired effect

Dopamine - Answers • Cardiogenic Shock, Distributive Shock

• 2-20 µg/kg/min IV/IO infusion

• Titrate to desire effect

Epinephrine

(indications) - Answers Pulseless arrest

bradycardia (symptomatic)

hypotensive shock

anaphylaxis

asthma

Croup

Toxins/Overdose (beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers)

Epinephrine (pulseless arrest, symptomatic bradycardia) - Answers • 0.01 mg/kg (0.1 ml/kg) 1:10,000
IV/IO q 3-5 min (max 1mg, 1 ml)

• 0.1 mg/kg (0.1 ml/kg) 1:10,000 ET q 3-5 min

Epinephrine (Hypotensive shock) - Answers • 0.1-1 µg/kg/min IV/IO infusion (consider higher doses if
needed)

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